Polpa de bocaiúva [Acrocomia aculeata (jacq.) Lodd.] : composição química e biodisponibilidade de carotenóides

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

In Central-West Brazil, where the Cerrado predominates, there are many species of native fruits considered to be sources of nutritive elements. The bocaiuva, Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd., is a native palm which is abundant in Mato Grosso do Sul State. Its pulp has a variable color from yellow to orange when ripe, and is consumed fresh or in the form of flour in regional dishes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nutritive potential of bocaiuva pulp, by determining its proximate composition, mineral contents, identifying its majoritary carotenoids and investigate the bioavailability of b- carotene in the bocaiuva pulp. The relative bioavailability of b-carotene in the bocaiuva pulp was determined in relation to pure b-carotene by means of the Retinol Accumulation Factor (RAF), estimated by the recovery of hepatic retinol in vitamin A deficient rats. During the depletion period (28d), Wistar rats were treated with AIN-93G (American Institute of Nutrition-93 Growth) vitamin A deficient diet, and than were separated into two groups and treated with AIN- 93G diet containing pure -carotene (b-carotene diet) or raw bocaiúva pulp (bocaiuva diet), as the only sources of vitamin A. At the end of the repletion period (21d), the rats were sacrificed and the reserves of hepatic retinol were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The bocaiuva pulp analyzed show 52.99% of moisture, 8.14% of total lipids, 1.5% of protein, 22.08% of carbohydrates, 1.51% of ash and 13.76% of fiber. The energy value was estimated at 167.67 kcal/100g of wet pulp. Among the minerals examined, potassium had the highest concentration in the pulp (766.37 18.36 mg/100g). The bocaiuva pulp may be a rich source of cupper for children, source of zinc and potassium for children and source of cupper and potassium for adults considering the dietary recommendation intake of those minerals. -Carotene was the predominant carotenoid in the pulp (49.0 2.0 μg/g wet pulp), classifying bocaiuva as a rich of b−carotene. In the in vivo study, there was no significant difference in weight gain and growth of rats between the two groups, treated with pure b-carotene or bocaiuva, as sources of vitamin A. The relative bioavailability of b-carotene, estimated by RAF, was 7.3 and 3.5 for the [Beta]-carotene and bocaiuva groups, respectively. The relative bioavailability of [Beta]- carotene for bocaiuva, in this study model, was greater (about 200%) than for pure [Beta]-carotene. Bocaiuva fruit can be considered an alternative source of bioavailable pró-vitamin A, capable to contribute with the prevention of vitamin A deficiency and as a natural source of cupper, potassium and zinc minerals to enrich regional diets.

ASSUNTO(S)

acrocomia aculeata minerals frutas - mato grosso do sul cerrados carotenoids vitamin a ciencias da saude bocaiuva bioavailability native fruits nutrição - avaliação

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