Platinum and nioubium based catalysts for the anode of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells fed with low molecular weight alcohols / Catalisadores a base de platina e nióbio para o ânodo da célula a combustível de membrana trocadora de prótons alimentada com alcoóis de baixa massa molecular

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

25/01/2012

RESUMO

In this work, the methanol and ethanol electrochemical oxidation reactions are studied on platinum (Pt) and niobium (Nb) catalysts supported on high surface area carbon. The selected materials were PtNb/C, Pt-Nb2O5(amorphous) /C e Pt-Nb2O5(crystalline) /C, using as reference for comparison purposes the commercial catalyst 20% Pt-C E-TEK. The catalysts were physically characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS). The average crystal size and lattice parameters of the studied materials were assessed from the diffraction peaks. XAS spectra in the XANES region indicated that the supported platinum on the niobium oxide possesses a lower tendency to lose electronic density from the 5d band. The electrochemical performance of the different catalysts was evaluated by linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, using an ultra-thin layer electrode. The two catalysts containing platinum supported on the niobium oxide showed the best performances for the electrochemical oxidation of the alcohols, though the three studied materials displaced the CO (ads) oxidation peak for lower potential values compared to 20% E-TEK Pt/C. In situ Fourier Transform Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy (FTIR) experiments were carried out in order to identify the formed adsorbates during the ethanol electroxidation. The presence of the niobium oxides does not significantly favour the conversion of ethanol to CO2, being the main products of the oxidation acetaldehyde and acetic acid. Finally, fuel cell tests were carried out following the same procedure as in the case of the ultra-thin layer.

ASSUNTO(S)

eletrocatálise fuel cells células a combustível nanoparticle electrocatalysis nanopartículas

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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