Perfil nutricional de gestantes que receberam orientação dietética: avaliação do ganho ponderal materno total, tipo de parto e resultados perinatais / Nutrition profile of pregnant women who received dietary counseling: assessment of the total maternal weight gain, mode of delivery and perinatal outcomes

AUTOR(ES)

Eliener de Souza Fazio

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

This study was carried out at Clínica Obstétrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, with one hundred eighty-seven pregnant women without comorbidities. This study aimed to know the nutrition profile of pregnant women who received dietary counseling and to evaluate the maternal total weight gain, type of delivery and perinatal outcome. A retrospective and descriptive research was carried out through consultation of forms of dietary anamnesis, the clinical databases and medical records. The women were classified according to pre-gestational body mass index (BMI): 23 (12.2%) were underweight (BMI <19.8 kg/m2), 84 (45%) normal weight (BMI 19.8 to 26.0 kg/m2), 37 (19.8%) overweight (BMI 26.1 to 29.0 kg/m2) and 43 (% 23) obese (BMI >29.0 kg/m2). No difference was observed in energy consumption between the groups. The averages percentage of carbohydrates, protein and lipid intake were similar between groups. Regarding the profile of micronutrient intake, calcium intake, vitamin A and vitamin C was similar between groups; iron intake was higher in normal weight pregnant women compared to overweight and obese (p<0.001); folate intake was higher in normal weight pregnant women compared to obese (p=0.002); fiber intake was lower in underweight pregnant women compared to normal weight (p=0.042). Excessive weight gain (above the recommended) was significantly higher (p=0.009) in pregnant women with overweight and obesity, however the mean of total maternal weight gain was significantly lower in obese women (p<0.001). No difference was observed between the groups regarding gestational age at delivery and mode of delivery. The weight of newborns of underweight pregnant women had a mean significantly lower (p=0.005) compared to other groups. The overweight pregnant women had a higher percentage of newborns with more than 4000g (p=0.037) compared to other groups. The proportion of newborns large for gestational age was significantly higher (p=0.006) in pregnant women with overweight and obesity compared to other groups. The Apgar scores did not differ significantly between groups. Indication of cesarean for contracted pelvis was significantly more frequent in underweight pregnant women (p=0.006) when compared to other groups

ASSUNTO(S)

nutrition assessment pregnancy outcome parto resultado da gravidez parturition weight gain avaliação nutricional ganho de peso

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