PARÂMETROS IMUNOLÓGICOS FRENTE À CONTAMINAÇÃO POR SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS EM AVES TRATADAS E NÃO TRATADAS COM ÁCIDOS ORGÂNICOS E SUA DETECÇÃO POR MÉTODOS FENOTÍPICOS E GENOTÍPICOS / IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE CONTAMINATION BY SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS IN POULTRY TREATED AND NOT TREATED WITH ORGANIC ACIDS AND THEIR DETECTION BY PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC METHODS

Fernanda Flores

Salmonellosis is a public health problem that involves issues in animal health and food handling practices that require combined actions to minimize its effects. This disease is a zoonosis with the greatest impact on public health throughout the world due to: high endemicity, high mortality and especially by its difficult to control and the development of antimicrobial resistance. This last issue has led the search for alternatives of control which includes probiotics, prebiotics and organic acids. Another important factor is the elucidation of the role of the immune system of the bird which is still largely unknown due to the complexity of this pathogen and the availability of more sensitive immunological techniques. In addition, rapid and accurate diagnoses which can detect all serotypes are utopian today. Therefore the need for more knowledge in this field is critical to a plan to control Salmonella spp. This work - divided into two chapters - aims to establish parameters of immune lymphocytes circulating through the technique of flow cytometry in birds infected with Salmonella Enteritidis and treated with organic acids, as well as evaluate the efficiency of phenotypic diagnosis by conventional microbiological method compared with quantitative methods, and the genotypic method, through the Real-time PCR in poultry samples from naturally and artificially infected with Salmonella spp. Thus, was noticed in the first study that groups not infected had higher average number of lymphocytes T CD4+, CD8β+, MHC IIbright+ and TCRVβ1+ and the infected group had a higher proportion of circulating cells and gradual recovery was observed when treatment was effective in bacterial reduction. In the second study there was variability in the behavior of different samples and there was no significant difference between the phenotypic and genotypic tests used. However no significant difference were note by x2 test between the phenotypic and genotypic methods evaluated in this experiment.

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