Pagamento por serviços ambientais: limites e oportunidades para o desenvolvimento sustentável da agricultura familiar na Amazônia Brasileira / Payments for environmental services: limits and opportunities for sustainable development of family farming in the Brazilian Amazon.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Payment for environmental services is an economic instrument that has been used to encourage the adoption of land and/or natural resource uses that improve or enhance the provision of environmental services, such as biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration. Its use is recent and the effects that changes in land use can bring to income and development of the target populations are still little known. In this research, it has been assessed, in a prospective way, the impact that land uses which are capable of providing higher levels of environmental services may have on the generation of income for households and on the economic, social and environmental sustainability of family farming, in the Brazilian Amazon, and if the level of payment provided by Proambiente Program, a public policy in its implementation phase, whose goal is to pay farmers for environmental services, can facilitate the adoption of these land uses. In view of these purposes, scenarios were simulated utilizing the traditional land use (slash-and-burn agriculture), based on data collection obtained among family farmers from Northeast of Para State, as well as with alternative land uses, such as firefree fallow management, agroforestry, fallow vegetation enrichment, beekeeping and "açai" management. Through analysis of costs of opportunity and economic, social and environmental sustainability indicators, the scenarios showed that to compensate farmers for the opportunity cost of avoided deforestation, may be less promising from a economic and social point of view, than providing conditions for that the family farmers make the transition to alternative land uses that provide lower levels of environmental services, in comparison to avoided deforestation, but may be more beneficial in economic and social terms, given that they foster the development of family farming in a more sustainable way.

ASSUNTO(S)

proambiente pagamentos por serviços ambientais agricultura familiar proambiente brazilian amazon northeast of para state environmental conservation family farming conservação ambiental payments for environmental services economic instruments amazônia brasileira instrumentos econômicos nordeste paraense

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