Padrões bioenergéticos das aranhas de teia: considerações sobre a unidade e a diversidade do fenômeno / Patterns of bioenergetic of web spiders: considerations about the unity and diversity of the phenomenon

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

30/03/2012

RESUMO

The physiological mechanisms are often applied to explain important evolutionary adaptations (e.g. endothermy) and ecology (e.g. physiological limitations to occupy a particular microhabitat) of vertebrates. Despite the fact that it improves vertebrates ecological and evolutionary hypotheses with possible processes and mechanisms, it is scarcely used to understand the megadiversity of web spiders. On the other hand, the physiological rules are based mainly on vertebrates data, an animal group that represents less than 1% of the world biodiversity. Spiders group is the seventh most diverse taxon in terms of species number on the world and are a good model to test the validity of the general rules proposed for vertebrates. Accordingly, this study investigated three types of metabolic rate - Standard Metabolism, Maximum Spontaneous Metabolism, Daily Metabolism - on web spiders. All these rates were obtained by intermittent respirometry. In the first experiment, the Loxosceles model was chosen, a genus of spider with a especially homogeneous morphology, with whom we tested the differences on metabolic rates of spiders with different sedentarity and web building expenditure. In a second experiment we tested how metabolic rates would vary under the high diversity of Orbiculariae spiders clade. The results show that: behavioral differences do not affect significantly the metabolic rates examined, metabolic rates do not have any significant phylogenetic signal and the best model is the one that adjusts a separate allometric relation for each genus at the expense of an unique allometric model for the whole sample. The behavioral differences of Loxosceles probably could be explained by the distribution of energy expenditure throughout the day under the same amount of energy. The diversity of data of Orbiculariae clade probably need to be investigated in the future under the aspect of morphological differences underlying the diversity of the clade

ASSUNTO(S)

aranhas bioenergética bioenergetics flow respirometry respirometria intermitente spiders

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