Otimização de risco estrutural baseada em confiabilidade / Reliability-based structural risk optimization

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

In a competitive environment, structural systems must be designed considering not only their function, but also their total costs of construction and operation and their ability to generate profit. The costs are directly linked to the risk resulting from construction and operation of the structure. Risk is defined as the product of failure cost by failure probability. The safety of the structure is directly related to safety coefficients adopted in design. Hence, the minimization of the total cost of a structural system necessarily involves an optimization of the safety level for which the system is designed. Based on these facts, the present study investigates the partial safety factor which minimizes the total expected cost of specific structural systems. This is referred to as reliability-based risk optimization. A Fortran computer code is developed to find the optimum safety factor. This code works together with a structural reliability analysis program developed at EESC/USP and with a commercial finite element program. Some case studies are presented, including the design of a steel frame communications tower, subjected to extreme storm and tornado wind loads. These studies show that when non-structural terms dominate the cost function, it is not too costly to over-design, but an under-designed project can cause huge money losses. The study shows that optimum reliability is strongly dependant on limit state exceedance consequences. It also shows that events with high uncertainty and high failure consequences generally dominate the design, and that for different design situations (e.g., multiple hazards) it is reasonable to work with different reliability levels. Moreover, it shows that when risk is not properly understood, it is also not properly dealt with by the parties involved, leading to inadequate contracts. Finally, the study shows that for structures under time-varying loads, such as tornados, the optimum reliability is strongly dependent on the selected design life.

ASSUNTO(S)

confiabilidade estrutural otimização optimum design minimum design cost projeto ótimo structural reliability reliability-based risk optimization minimização de custo risco

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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