Oração relativa : o que se fala e o que se aprende no portugues do Brasil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1998

RESUMO

In Brazilian Portuguese there is not homogeneity in the use of relative clauses: there are vernacular relativization strategies for some functions used by speakers that never attended school and a standard construction, with a preposition, learned through forma! education and used together with the strategy without the preposition, for educated people. Considering that variation can only occur if previewed in the language grammar and, in a broader sense, in language grammars, whenever variation takes place with prepositional phrases, our particular data indicate that, if the function to be relativized is an adverbial adjunct (not a complement) to other syntactic term inside the sentence, self speech monitoring increases. If the antecedent and the relativized element have different syntactic functions, the need of personal awareness on the part of the speaker also increases If both linguistic factors co-occur, better conditions to produce the standard construction will be noticed. To linguistic factors we add factors of social order: the standard structure occurs under certain conditions: when the speaker is learned, and preferentially when be is highly learned; if the speaker is a man, in his 40s or over, if his linguistic performance is essential to his professional activities, and finally if the situation demands formality. Empirical data show that only after many years the student fully acquires the standard strategy. The use of this kind of relative is very scarce even among those who attended school. High school students, induced to use the standard relative, tended to reject it either replacing it by other syntactic arrangements, such as coordination, or changing the sentence verb. They also produced hypercorrections and made mistakes, showing an imperfect learning of the strategy. The students demonstrated a great resistance in producing the standard relative and the fact that they come do it practically only m the adult age is due, according to this study to differences in the own strategies of relativization. This difference remains in the syntactic position occupied by the element to be relativized. This element, in the standard strategy, moves from inside the clause, while, in the vernacular, it is outside the relative sentence in such a position that the process proves to be more accessible to the speaker, leaving out the preposition The difference between both structures is m the interface between, strict syntax and discourse. The speaker profile, traced with the delineation of the conditioning factors for relative variants has some implications of methodological order for the teaching of Brazilian Portuguese, to the extend that it reveals a reality in which linguistic ideal and standard norm do not match

ASSUNTO(S)

lingua portuguesa - sintaxe aquisição de linguagem sociolinguistica

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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