Optimization of culture conditions the endophytic fungus Papulaspora immersa for production of bioactivities substance 2008. / Otimização das condições de cultivo do fungo Papulaspora immersa para produção de substâncias bioativas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Due to the increase in the microbial resistance to the current antibiotics, investigations in substances with antimicrobial activities, as well as substances with antiparasite and antitumoral activities, become relevant. Among the important natural sources in the development of new drugs, the secondary metabolites of microorganism have showed promising results, producing different structural components and a great number of biologically active compounds. Endophytic fungi, known for habiting the interior of plants at some point in their life cycle, without causing visible symptoms of diseases, present a high proportion of new isolated substances with biological activity, but are seldom studied for this purpose. The current project aimed to optimize the culture conditions of the endophytic fungus Papulaspora immersa, in order to increase the production of secondary metabolites with antibacterial, antifungal and antitumoral activities. The fungus was cultured in two steps: pre-fermentative medium for 48 hours, aiming to obtain micelial mass, followed by transference to Czapek fermentative medium, and reincubation in different times. The cultures were performed asseptically at 30°C and under Constant agitation. After filtration of the culture fluid and partition with organic solvents, the following extracts were obtained: acethyl ethylic, butanolic, ethanolic and aquous. In the initial studies, the culture was performed in Czapek fermentative medium for 20 days of incubation, the standard culture condition. In this condition, the extract acethyl ethylic showed the best antibacterial activity with Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 90 µg/mL for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antifungal activity was not observed for these extracts. Afterwards, the incubation period, carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, temperature and proportion of carbon/nitrogen sources varied. Each extract obtained from the different culture conditions was evaluated in MIC assays and the best condition was selected. The extract that showed the best antibacterial activity was obtained from the culture in fermentative medium after 9 days of incubation using saccharosis (3.0%) as carbon source and sodium nitrate (0.2%) as nitrogen source, in pH 5.0 at 30 °C with MIC values of 90 µg/mL for P. aeruginosa, and 100 µg/mL for E. coli. The culture condition that resulted in the production of the best antitumoral activity was the same detected for the antibacterial activity. In this condition, the endophytic fungus Papulaspora immersa hás also produced secondary metabolites that demonstrated to be very active against the three human tumoral cell lines evaluated (HCT-8, MDA-MB435 and SF295). The best culture conditions for the production of secondary metabolites with inhibitory activity of the parasitary enzyme APRT of L. tarentolae were obtained from extracts cultured in the same conditions previously described, except for the fact that the incubation temperature was 35°C and presented inhibitory activity of 79.82 %. High inhibitory activity over this enzyme (79.25 %) was also obtained in these same conditions, but with an initial pH of the culture of 4.0 and at 30°C. None of the extracts analyzed present significant inhibitory activity for the parasitary enzyme gGAPDH of T. cruzi. The optimization of the culture conditions of the fungus Papulaspora immersa has demonstrated to be very important for the production of secondary metabolites with biological activities. To conclude, it can be said that the determination of the ideal culture conditions allowed to diminish the incubation time from 20 to 9 days and find the conditions that maximize the content of substances with the different activities in the extracts of P. immerse, such as, for example, the differential synthesis of substances in different pH and temperature values, which shows the importance of the abiothyc variables in the synthesis of secondary metabolites.

ASSUNTO(S)

atividade biológica endophytic fungi culture in fermentative medium fungos endofíticos meio de cultivo fermentativo papulaspora immersa. biological activity papulaspora immersa.

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