Obtenção de ésteres etílicos e metílicos, por reações de transesterificação, a partir do óleo da palmeira Latino Americana macaúba - Acrocomia aculeata / Isolation of methilic and ethilic esters, by transferification reactions, from macauba trees oils- , Acrocomia aculeata

AUTOR(ES)

Hugo de Souza Rodrigues

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Ethyl esters and methyl esters (biodiesel) from oils of the fruits of the palm tree macauba (Acrocomia aculeata) were obtained by transesterification reactions performing the alcoholysis (methanolysis and ethanolysis) under homogeneous basic catalysis (using KOH, NaOH, CH3CH2OK, CH3CH2ONa CH3OK and CH3ONa), under homogeneous acid catalysis (using HCl and H2SO4) and under heterogeneous catalysis (using the inedit transesterification catalysis with catalysts CuCl2 and V2O5). In all these reactions the best proportions of the catalyst were determined in order to obtain the most satisfactory results action, as well as the influence of the catalysts in the processes reactions. The production of fruit in the native Latin American Palm trees of macauba were monitored and obtained the qualitative and quantitative data obtained demonstrate the great importance this plant. After the extraction processes of the oils, theirs characteristics were determined for the oils from the mesocarp and from the macauba almonds. The influence of the free fatty acid contained in the samples of the almonds oils, in the transesterification reactions ethanol and KOH were studied in details. In order to demonstrate the importance of the preservation of this oleaginous plant for the use of its oil for the biodiesel production, several were performed using directly the macauba kernels. (in situ process). The in situ process was performed and proving that this biodiesel production method is in complete agreement with the Twelve principles of Green Chemistry. In this case the biodiesel was the obtained directly avoiding previous oil extraction. It were stablished also treatment procedures for the refining of the obtained esters (methyl biodiesel and ethyl biodiesel), being the same ones submitted to later analysis of the physical-chemical characteristics (relative density, acid number, cloud point, flash point, cinematic viscosity, content of water, iodine number and content in esters). The quality of the produced Biodiesel was determined by comparison with the ectio that were orrelated to the Brazilian (ANP), American (ASTM) and European (prEN 14214) specifications, for the use of this kind of fuel.

ASSUNTO(S)

Óleo de macaúba-acrocomia aculeata biodiesel biodiesel especification acrocomia aculeata macauba trees oils- especificações

Documentos Relacionados

• Características fotossintéticas da palmeira macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.) submetidas a deficiência hídrica
• Desenvolvimento do pericarpo em macaúba [Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae)]
• Obtenção de esteres etilicos a partir da transesterificação do oleo de andiroba com etanol
• Estudos oleoquímicos e obtenção de ésteres metílicos e etílicos a partir do óleo extraído do Dipiteryx alata vog (baru)
• Catalisadores heterogeneos acidos ineditos para a produção de esteres metilicos e etilicos de oleos vegetais