O processo de formação dos cursos de graduação em enfermagem, medicina e odontologia, nos serviços de atenção básica

AUTOR(ES)

Sandra Marcia Soares Schmidt

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The study discusses higher education for professionals with a profile proper for Brazil#s Unified Health System. Such profile has not been historically favored in higher education institutions (the world of school) that train health professionals, especially in the teaching-learning process that takes place within health care services (the world of labor). Teaching and health institutions, particularly those in charge of basic care, should favor the development of competences included in the National Curriculum Guidelines (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, or DCN) for each of the courses, simultaneously to maintaining the quality of health care provided. The study is aimed at understanding the process of training future health professionals in the courses of Nursing, Medicine, and Dentistry in Basic Health Care services in a Higher Education Institution in southern Brazil. Its references were the National Curriculum Guidelines and Gastão Wagner de Sousa Campos# works. The method used was a descriptive case study from a qualitative approach. Triangulation was used to guarantee reliability and convergence of results from data sources, accessed through distinct techniques such as participant observation, interviews, and document analysis. Data were analyzed under Minayo#s themes, leading to the construction of categories and subcategories and later use of the Atlas Ti 5.0 software (Qualitative Research and Solutions), which helped in data coding. Categories built were: a) Planning of learning opportunities and actions developed in the world of labor and the world of school; b) Training of people involved in the world of labor and the world of school; e c) Commitment of Professional Training with National Curriculum Guidelines: new practices, old practices. It is argued that the possibility for the training process in basic care services # new ways within a known sphere # presupposes new attitudes in face of the reality seen by part of professionals both from the world of labor and from the world of school, in order to change it. For change to take place in those spheres, subjects involved in each world have to dialogue and plan together, build co-management moments and create teaching-learning opportunities that meet society#s needs and expectations. It is important that those worlds carry out integrated projects that serve the areas of relevance in the world of labor and give opportunities for the development of competences of future health professionals. Permanent education of coordinators, teachers, as well as current and future health workers would be highly beneficial to those processes of change. It is not easy to change teaching and health practices. The world of labor and the world of school # two changing worlds # are spaces where the pact for health must be a transversal axis. Changes are needed to advance towards a reality that is not only desired, but also necessary and possible, where there is no definite situation; there is rather a sphere of human inconclusiveness, building the feasible unprecedented for which we all struggle and dream.

ASSUNTO(S)

odontologia - currículos ensino superior enfermagem - currículos medicina - currículos serviços de saúde enfermagem

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