O filosofo e o autor : ensaio sobre a Carta-Prefacio aos Principios de Filosofia de Descartes
AUTOR(ES)
Alexandre Guimarães Tadeu de Soares
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2004
RESUMO
The present study seeks to understand the sense of Descartes again taking up a kind of discourse in the Preface to the French translation of the Principles of Philosophy that he had apparently abandoned three years before in the publication of the Latin text. This could be called a philosopher?s discourse that reappears in the preface to his most systematic work and, so to speak, his most doctrinaire. In this exhortative discourse, his concern is to show that there is Philosophy worthy of the name; nevertheless, distinct from that which is represented as such institutionally, which is better called, in its own sense, an anti-philosophy. In the first part we seek to highlight one of the fundamental aspects of true Philosophy, which is to continually better its adherents. Therefore, from the beginning, it is necessary that its reader be a true philosopher, that is, he must resolve to free himself, and thus examine in itself all knowledge which may present itself in the guise of truth. There is, nevertheless, a doctrinal aspiration to orient authentic philosophical study, since this study seeks to constitute a science. In the second part, we analyze, initially, the presuppositions of conciliation between the autonomy of reason and the possibility of the establishment of a doctrine. Following this, we show how these presuppositions explain the emergence of anti-philosophy, to the extent that the mere erudite person not having effectively emancipated himself, feeds himself with preconceptions and thus transforms philosophical investigation into mere doctrine, justified exclusively by the authority of those who undertook the investigation. Finally, in the third part, we study the different aspects of the Cartesian notion of wisdom, considering the terms in which it is reconciled with Philosophy, now understood as being realized in a system which links the group of sciences. Furthermore, in the last chapter, the act of philosophizing must be considered as an activity, an action directed toward an end and reflection on the means of its execution, which is inserted in a context that involves the notion of happiness itself. The constitution of the system is also evaluated, but what is most interesting are the gaps, the difficulties of the undertaking, in which one encounters the enigma of the act of philosophizing
ASSUNTO(S)
filosofia francesa teoria do conhecimento filosofia moderna - historia autoridade evidencia tradição (filosofia) metafisica
