Nursing diagnosis nausea in patients in the immediate postoperative period: an integrative review of the literature / Diagnóstico de enfermagem náusea em pacientes no período pós-operatório imediato: revisão integrativa da literatura

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Nausea is one of the most common adverse events in the pots-anesthesia recovery room. It is usually associated to anesthesia. Besides the subjective aspect it can be very distressing for patients. The patients who are suffering from nausea and do show any improvement at all may have a late discharge from both the post-anesthesia recovery room and the hospital. The delayed return to normal functions, the high hospital costs, and the lower degree of the patients satisfaction are some of the consequences. The aim of the present study was to perform a critical analysis of the available evidences in the literature about the related factors and the defining characteristics of nursing diagnosis nausea over the immediate postoperative period by means of an integrative review. During the development of this study systematic reviews and four databases for data collection were used: Lilacs, Pubmed, Cinahl, and Cochrane. From the screened reports, 31 of those were potentially relevant for the purpose of this study. The analysis of the retrieved studies showed that vomiting and nausea in the postoperative period are considered to be closely related and most of the time no distinction can be made between nausea and vomiting. The identified factors related according to the rate of appearance and evidence level were the following: female gender, non-smoking, prior history of vomiting and nausea in the postoperative period, history of nausea associated to motion, age, type of surgery, opioid use in a trans- and a postoperative period, use of volatile anesthetics, and nitrous oxide administration. In relation to the defining characteristics we highlighted the following: pallor, tachycardia, an increased secretion of saliva (sialorrhea, salivation), and perspiration, sensation of cold and heat, blush, awareness of the vomiting impulse, dizziness, bradycardia, pupillary dilation, arterial blood pressure changes, deep, fast, and irregular breathing. The importance to improve and to validate the NANDAs Taxonomy II (2006) elements is to enable the registered nurses, who work at surgery centers and anesthesia recovery rooms, to plan the nursing care for the patient in the 3-period of surgical experience aiming at to minimizing the complications in the postoperative period and to stimulate a fast and an undisturbed rehabilitation.

ASSUNTO(S)

náusea e vômito pós-operatório período pós-operatório diagnóstico de enfermagem nursing diagnosis postoperative period postoperative nausea and vomiting

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados