N-Alkyl Urea Hydroxamic Acids as a New Class of Peptide Deformylase Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity
AUTOR(ES)
Hackbarth, Corinne J.
FONTE
American Society for Microbiology
RESUMO
Peptide deformylase (PDF) is a prokaryotic metalloenzyme that is essential for bacterial growth and is a new target for the development of antibacterial agents. All previously reported PDF inhibitors with sufficient antibacterial activity share the structural feature of a 2-substituted alkanoyl at the P1′ site. Using a combination of iterative parallel synthesis and traditional medicinal chemistry, we have identified a new class of PDF inhibitors with N-alkyl urea at the P1′ site. Compounds with MICs of ≤4 μg/ml against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae, have been identified. The concentrations needed to inhibit 50% of enzyme activity (IC50s) for Escherichia coli Ni-PDF were ≤0.1 μM, demonstrating the specificity of the inhibitors. In addition, these compounds were very selective for PDF, with IC50s of consistently >200 μM for matrilysin and other mammalian metalloproteases. Structure-activity relationship analysis identified preferred substitutions resulting in improved potency and decreased cytotoxity. One of the compounds (VRC4307) was cocrystallized with PDF, and the enzyme-inhibitor structure was determined at a resolution of 1.7 Å. This structural information indicated that the urea compounds adopt a binding position similar to that previously determined for succinate hydroxamates. Two compounds, VRC4232 and VRC4307, displayed in vivo efficacy in a mouse protection assay, with 50% protective doses of 30.8 and 17.9 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. These N-alkyl urea hydroxamic acids provide a starting point for identifying new PDF inhibitors that can serve as antimicrobial agents.
ACESSO AO ARTIGO
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=127453Documentos Relacionados
- Microbial degradation of n-alkyl tetrahydrothiophenes found in petroleum.
- Microbial Degradation of n-Alkyl Tetrahydrothiophenes Found in Petroleum
- Antimicrobial Evaluation of N-Alkyl Betaines and N-Alkyl-N,N-Dimethylamine Oxides with Variations in Chain Length
- Hydrophobicity of Long Chain n-Alkyl Carboxylic Acids, as Measured by Their Distribution Between Heptane and Aqueous Solutions
- Inhibition of Clostridium botulinum by p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid n-Alkyl Esters
