Myrtaceae Juss. no Alto Quiriri, Garuva, Santa Catarina, Brasil / Myrtaceae juss in the High Quiriri, Garuva, Santa Catarina, Brazil

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

Myrtaceae, consisting of woody plants, is one of the ten richest families in number of species among angiosperms in the world, as well as in Brazil, especially in the Atlantic Forest, also known as Floresta Ombrófila Densa and its subdivisions. When it comes to plants as shrubs or trees, it is expected to have a high representation in phytosociological studies, what truly happens, especially in upper montane Atlantic Forest of the southern and southeastern Brazil, along and on the tops of Serra do Mar and in the coastal region of eastern Brazil. The species of Myrtaceae, High Quiriri, Serra Quiriri, were studied to reach the following objectives: knowing the local flora in the upper montane formation of the High Quiriri, producing a floristic study in this family for a better understanding of vegetation at the top of the Serra do Mar in southern of Brazil. Collecting expeditions have been made since 2004 in Campos de Altitude and upper montane Atlantic Forest, collecting fertile specimens, with georeferencing and focus on two sub-watersheds, located above 1200 m asl. We have found 26 species, one of these with two varieties, presenting six genera with one species (Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg, Calyptranthes concinna DC., Myrciaria delicatula (DC.) O. Berg,Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) Landrum, and Siphoneugena reitzii D. Legrand), Psidium with two (P. cattleyanum Sabine and P. spathulatum Mattos), Eugenia with four (E. schadrackiana Kiaersk., E. neomyrtifolia Sobral, E. pluriflora DC. and E. sclerocalyx D. Legrand) Myrceugenia with seven (M. alpigena var. alpigena (DC.) Landrum, M. alpigena var. fuliginea Landrum, M. myrcioides (Cambess.) O. Berg, M. ovata var. regnelliana (O. Berg ) Landrum., M. pilotantha(Kiaerskou) Landrum, M. rufescens (DC.) D. Legrand &Kausel, M. seriatoramosa (Kiaersk) Kausel &D. Legrand and M. smithii Landrum, and also Myrcia with seven (M. guianensis (Aubl.) DC., M. hartwegiana (O. Berg) Kiaersk., M. lajeana D. Legrand, M. pulchra (O. Berg) Kiaersk., M. richardiana (O. Berg) Kiaersk., M. rupicola Legrand and M. squamata (Mattos &D. Legrand) Matttos. Based on the taxonomic studies, some biogeographic features were explored, as the characterizing of local geographical distribution of species of Myrtaceae from High Quiriri, and its physiognomic preferences. The maps were overlapped, forming areas of species distribution, thus contributing to the biogeographical and ecological knowledge of upper montane taxa of Myrtaceae in southern Brazil. Eight areas of geographical distribution were identified for 26 species of Myrtaceae High Quiriri: neotropical (one species); disjunction between the Andes and the Serra do Mar (one species); subequatorial sulamericana (five species), subequatorial brasileira (eight species); araucariana (five species), subtropical (three species); sulbrasileira (three species) and endemic restricted area (one specie). Endemic species for the formation of upper montane in Serra Quiriri were not observed. It was found that the majority of species prefer upper montane environments, slopes, tops of mountains and plateaus, rarely occurring in savannas and lowland formations. The fault line that forms rio dos Alemães (river) and rio Bracinho (river), shows to be an important splitter/border in the distribution of groups of Myrtaceae species in High Quiriri, as well as of local vegetation. In the High Quiriri, the richness of Myrtaceae is relatively high, compared to other studies in similar environments. The subtribe Myrciinae is the richest of all, with 57.69% (15 species): Myrcia and Myrceugenia seven, and Calyptranthes with one, confirming the importance of floristic and phytosociological studies in high-altitude ecosystems to better understand the diversity of this subtribe.

ASSUNTO(S)

atlantic forest floresta atlântica high quiriri iquiririm mirtáceas myrtaceae

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