Multicolor Quantum Correlations in the Optical Parametric Oscillator / Correlações quânticas multicolores no oscilador paramétrico ótico

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

We have investigated the collective quantum properties of the three bright light beams produced by an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating above threshold, named pump, signal, and idler. We have analyzed experimentally their intensity and phase quantum fluctuations, and how they are correlated. For the first time, we have observed the existence of phase quantum correlations among the three beams. The measured phase-sum noise between signal and idler, Vq12=1,28(3)>1, presents squeezing when corrected by the phase fluctuations of the pump beam, resulting in (Vq12)=0,84(3)<1. For higher pump powers, we have observed the existence of amplitude quantum correlations directly between pump and one of the downconverted beams (signal or idler); the maximum measured squeezing level corresponded to the noise Vp02=0,86(3)<1. Our investigations included the entanglement properties of this tripartite system, tested by two different criteria. Our data points to the separability of the system in the accessible regime of operation, in contradiction with the theoretical predictions. Applying the criterion by P. van Loock and A. Furusawa, we have obtained the following values of combinations of variances which would attest the inseparability in case values smaller than 2 would be obtained: V0=1,29(5)<2, V1=2,04(11)>2, and V2=2,09(7)>2. For the second criterion, the positivity under partial transpose, we have obtained the following symplectic eigenvalues calculated from the measured covariance matrix: A0=0,94(8) and A1=0,36(6)<1, where entanglement is attested in case A0<1,and A1<1. This discrepancy with the theoretical prediction is caused by a classical spurious noise observed in the system, which characteristics are investigated in this thesis. Our analysis indicates the path to successfully observe tripartite entanglement. We show theoretically that the predicted tripartite entanglement can be employed as a resource for the construction of a multipartite entangled system. This is accomplished by pumping several OPOs with the same optical field, such that the pump beam reflected by the first OPO is utilized to pump a second one, and so on. This scheme allows the generation of a multicolor scalable quantum network. Finally, we describe the construction of a Ti:sapphire laser which represents the first step in the integration between non-classical light and atomic physics to be investigated in our laboratory. This laser could be employed at the same time to pump an OPO and to interact with a cloud of atoms. The tripartite entanglement produced by the OPO could then entangle the atoms to the downconverted beams, which wavelength would allow the transmission of these beams through commercial optical fibers for telecom.

ASSUNTO(S)

Ótica não-linear informação quântica laser laser entanglement non-linear optics emaranhamento correlações quânticas quantum correlation. quantum information optical parametric oscillator oscilador paramétrico Ótico

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