Modulação da adesão plaquetaria de ratos tratados com lipopolissacarideo por especies reativas de oxigenio e nitrogenio / Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species modulate the ex-vivo effects of LPS on platelet adhesion to fibrinogen

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

Platelets are known as hemostatic regulators, but multiple studies have shown that platelets are important in inflammatory reactions including sepsis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria and has a pivotal role in inducing Gram negative sepsis. LPS triggers the production of various substances including nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are involved in the organ failure and death. Therefore, we investigate the role of NO and ROS in modulating the platelet adhesion of LPS-treated rats using the model of platelet adhesion to fibrinogen-coated plates. Wistar rats were injected with LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) and 2 to 48h thereafter the platelet adhesion was evaluated. Microtiter plates were coated with fibrinogen, and rat washed platelet suspension (6 x 10(6) platelets) was added to each well. Adherent platelets were quantified through measurement of acid phosphatase activity. Treatment of rats with LPS significantly increased spontaneous platelet adhesion to fibrinogen-coated plates when compared to the control rats. In contrast, in thrombin-stimulated platelets LPS reduced platelet adhesion at 6 to 48h. Chronic treatment of rats with the nitric oxide sinthase inhibitor L-NAME (20 mg/kg/day) for 7 days before injection with LPS reduced the increase of non-activated platelet adhesion, whereas in thrombin-activated cells no differences were found. The cGMP levels in non-activated platelets of control or LPS-treated rats were reduced by chronic treatment of animals with L-NAME. However, the levels of cGMP in thrombin-activated platelets were reduced by L-NAME only in platelets 6h after LPS-treatment. The incubation of non-activated platelets with the O2- scavenger PEG-SOD reversed the stimulatory effect of LPS on spontaneous adhesion, but did not affected the stimulated-platelet adhesion of non-treated or LPS-treated groups. Moreover, the treatment of rats with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 150 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min after LPS injection prevented the increase of non-activated platelet adhesion as well as significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of LPS on thrombin-stimulated adhesion. Our findings suggest that NO modulates the stimulatory effect of LPS on non-activated platelet adhesion through GMPc-independent mechanisms, but it does not take part on the inhibitory effect of LPS on thrombin-activated platelet adhesion. In addition, the systemic generation of ROS in the LPS-treated rats plays an important role in both non-activated and thrombin-activated platelet adhesion.

ASSUNTO(S)

lipopolissacarideos adesão plaquetas (sangue) especies reativas de oxigenio oxido nitrico lipopolysaccharide adhesion platelet blood reactive oxygen species nitric oxide

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