Modelagem hidrológica dinâmica distribuída para estimativa do escoamento superficial em uma microbacia urbana

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

- Floods and inundations are serious problems in Brazilian cities as a result of inappropriate urbanization processes. Impervious surface reduces or makes water infiltration impossible, leading to significant increases in surface runoff. Considering this scenario, this work aims at applying a dynamic distributed hydrological model in order to estimate surface runoff in an urban watershed. The test area for the model application is a 47.54 km² watershed in the city of Petrópolis, located in a mountainous region in Rio de Janeiro State. The hydrological model applied is the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number method, used to estimate surface runoff, implemented within the TerraME framework. This platform executes routines for spatial dynamic modelling on a cell structure named CellularSpace, over which the study area is discretized. The parameters values for the model application were calibrated by an optimization process using hydrological data from three monitoring stations distributed over the basin recording rainfall and water levels. After the calibration, the model validation was executed, resulting in a good fitting of simulated flows and variations of fluviometric levels. In the hydrologic dataset, flow data was not available. For this reason, the analysis lied on checking the variation standard among calculated flows and water levels measurements. For the model implementation, it was necessary the creation of a routine, based on the flow directions obtained from the D8 algorithm, in order to define the neighbor cell to which the water from each cellular space element is drained. The main contribution of the present work is the implementation of a distributed hydrological model using the free TerraME modelling environment. Among the possibilities of use of the implemented code there is the elaboration of flooding risk maps where the maximum supported flow is known. It is also possible to vary the parameters values allowing simulations of land use and its impact on the hydrological behavior of the basin.

ASSUNTO(S)

escoamento superficial terrame modelo distribuído hydrologic modeling remote sensing surface runoff modelagem hidrológica distributed model sensoriamento remoto

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