Modelagem e simulação do processo de separação de oleo de soja-hexano por evaporação

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

Until the two first decades of century XX, the industrial extraction of oleaginosas were carried out exclusively by mechanical process. This process allow to extracted oil of very good quality, but it leads the left residues in the solid material (pie) to be very high, for example 5% for grains as of soy. Such residues besides implying in loss of oil, affected the quality of the pie, that is also one of the effluent products of the extractor. The extraction for solvent, on the other hand, is capable to remove the oil, leaving residues to be smaller (1%). After the extraction, the solids are directed to the dessolventizador and miscella (oil-solvent mixture) to the distillation system. Witch is composed by two evaporators in series and a stripping column. The unit of evaporation is one that demands for high energy consumption in a processing plant. Thus, the dynamic mathematical modeling of this process with sights to the reduction of the energy consumption and to the evaluation of the performance of control politics becomes a decisive requirement for economically viable operation. The general objective of this work is to develop a dynamic model of the process witch allow for parametric sensitivity analyze for a typical evaporator for the vegetal oil industry extraction. The aim is to have a tool for either process optimization or maximum recovery of solvent. The deterministic mathematical model is developed through mass and energy balance equation together with heat and mass transfer parameter correlations. The simulator was build up in FORTRAN. The software uses operational information as feed temperature, concentration and pressure witch allows for the calculation of the thermodynamic properties such as thermal temperatures of boiling, capacities and enthalpies of mixtures. In this way, a minimum of information is required, allowing fast simulations of the evaporation process. Through experimental design procedure applied to the deterministic model was possible to identify the main operational variables effects as well as the impact of the extraction array variables has on the process behaviors. The mass oil fraction in the feed was found to have the largest effect. The speed of the water vapor draining for the heating zone was the factor with the loweit effect in the oil miscella effluent.

ASSUNTO(S)

computer simulation engineering models simulação (computadores) evaporation engenharia soy oil extração por solventes solvent extraction evaporação oleo de soja

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