MigraÃÃo rural-urbana no Brasil : determinantes, retorno econÃmico e inserÃÃo produtiva

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

This thesis uses data from Census of 1991 and 2000 to make empirical analyses about the determinants of rural-urban migration in Brazil and its related economic returns. It was found that the rural-urban migrant is female, non-white, has between 1 to 10 years of study and have migrated between 16 and 30 years old, different from rural non-migrants, that are men with low level of education and old age. Most migrants were employed in the sector of services and in informal job, while non-migrants were mostly employed in agriculture. Among the migrants, the women were working in domestic services without job insurance, while the men were employed as wage-earner within the informal sector. The estimation of empirical models showed that individuals more educated, female, unmarried and household head, have great propensity to live in the cities. As related to wages determination, the finds showed that the absence of non-observed attributes would makes the estimates of the earnings and returns of education biased, manly, for the migrants. The estimated earnings equations take into account the influence of various individual characteristics and showed that the higher earnings returns were received by migrants with higher education level. It was also possible to observe that the non-migrants would wage gain if they had migrated to the cities. After analyzing the absorption of migrant rural-urban in the labor market of Brazilian cities, the evidence indicated that more years of study increases (decreases) the chance of the migrant to obtain a formal (informal) job. However, after taking into account the influence of personal attributes, the estimates showed that the employment in the informal sector represents a temporary opportunity for the migrants, especially, those with lower level of formal education. These individuals tend to seek job in formal sector when they have more city work experience and skills

ASSUNTO(S)

retorno econÃmico capital humano migraÃÃo rural-urbana rural-urban migration human capital economic return economia

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