Mechanical tillage of mining degraded areas at Jamari National Forest (Rondonia - BR) / Mecanização no preparo de solo em areas degradadas por mineração na Floresta Nacional do Jamari (Rondonia-BR)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The usage of a nation s natural resources directly implies the manipulation of natural environments on the terrestrial surface. In this scenario, estimates indicate that mining contributes to one percent of the degradation of the soils of the planet. It is observable that, although it seems to be a small number, this percentage denotes a high intensity of degradation. This degradation of the environment provokes large modifications of the system, having a strong disturbing effect on the landscape, for it requires the removal of the vegetation, the soil and the rocks that are above the mineral deposits. According to the environmental legislation enforced in Brazil and the process of marketing globalization, the commitment of the nations to the preservation of the environment is intensified. By reason of nature s negative responses to its intensive use, an awareness then appears from enterprises and agencies about how the anthropic action over the environment needs to be minimized, becoming a challenge: development and sustainability. In this context, the present work made use of the Mechanical tillage of the soil, as a technique to apply, in a large scale, the strategies and methods to recover mined areas that were researched and developed experimentally by researchers on a theme project about the recovering of degraded areas. This work was conducted in the Amazon ecosystem, inside the Jamari National Forest ? Rondônia (FLONA do Jamari), in deactivated cassiterite mines. The objectives of this work were to: 1. Develop a computational program capable of managing a database and assist in the selection of machines and preparation methods to execute the operations of topographical recomposition and tillage of surfaces in areas degraded by the mineral exploitation of cassiterite. 2. Use the program that was developed in the planning of costs and operationa development, for the operations required in the strategies for recovering the areas. 3. Analyze the vegetable productivity in the mobilized areas and the quality of the superficial mobilization, making use of indicators and tillage methods. 4. Evaluate, through biological indicators, the efficiency of the recovery strategies and techniques that were mechanized and applied on the location. The results showed that: the developed computational program (SGMAD) served the methodological purposes (the analysis of costs and operational capacity) established for the planning and the selection of the tillage machines and methods in the areas of mineral exploitation of cassiterite. The applied methods and quality of the superficial mobilization were significant to the development of leguminous plants in the areas. The use of biological indicators (microbial biomass and enzymatic activity) in the evaluation of the adopted techniques and strategies revealed that the planting of leguminous plants and their posterior incorporation have been promoting gradually positive alterations in some of the analyzed soil/substract parameters

ASSUNTO(S)

recuperação de terra solos - manejo degraded area reclamation plantas para recuperação de terra mechanization machines tillage solos - degradação mecanização mining costs mobilization

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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