Material particulado fino presente no ar da cidade de São Paulo promove alterações nas células de Purkinje: um estudo experimental em embrião de galinha / Urban fine particles induce alterations in Purkinje cells: an experimental study in chick embryo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

Air pollutants are associated to several diseases including those related to central nervous system. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of urban fine particles (PM2.5) in chicken embryo Purkinje cells. A single dose of PM2.5 suspension in two different concentrations (1.5 or 20.0 Pg.100Pl-1) was injected in fresh laid fertilized eggs on E0. Control groups were performed (intact and saline groups). After 18 days of embryo incubation (E18), no differences in general abnormal development and mortality ratio were found between groups. Cerebellar morphometrical analysis for neuronal density, dendritic outgrowth and cellular apoptosis were scored in anti-CB, anti-BDNF and anti-CAS immunelabeled Purkinje cells. Measurements of trace elements, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and catalase were performed as well. PM2.5 suspensions presented high amounts of metals but the cerebellar tissue presented metal depletion. Compared to control animals (saline group) both PM2.5 doses exposed embryos showed a decreased number of Purkinje cell CB+ (ca. 18% for PM2.5 1.5 Pg and 23% for PM2.5 20.0 Pg) and increased Purkinje cell dendritic branches density in the PM2.5 20.0Pg exposed embryos (ca. 45% for PM2.5 20.0Pg). Interestingly, a significant reduction of Purkinje cell BDNF expression was observed in the PM2.5 20 Pg group embryos when compared to those of the control and PM2.5 1.5Pg groups. No alterations in the number of Purkinje cells CAS+ were observed. The lipid peroxidation and SOD activity showed similar levels in the cerebellar tissue of all experimental groups, although significant higher levels of CAT were detected in PM2.5 20 Pg group cerebella. In conclusion, urban fine particles impair the embryonic development of Purkinje cells in chick embryo model as well promote the antioxidant defense activation. PM2.5 elemental compounds may disrupt the physiological dendritic pruning of Purkinje cells

ASSUNTO(S)

air pollution células de purkinje cerebellum cerebelo chick embryo desenvolvimento embrionário embrião de galinha embryo development material particulado particulate matter poluição do ar purkinje cells

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