Marcadores microssatélites: ferramentas para manejo e conservação da variabilidade genética em populações de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Cuvier 1818)

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

29/07/2011

RESUMO

Fishing and aquaculture are directly or indirectly important to the life of million people around the world. However, many species are being overexploited and reduced in number, without management and conservation plans to minimize the impacts caused by human activity. The management of fisheries genetic resources, from nature or captivity, depends on strict monitoring of populations, considering their dynamics, ecological relevance and genetic variability. The conservation and management of these resources have grown substantially over the years for species that are overfished or endangered. Currently, many molecular markers are utilized for studies of genetic variability in fish as well as to know the structure of populations and their relationships within and among them; these studies are applied for both fisheries and aquaculture areas. Colossoma macropomum is a neotropical fish, it is the largest Characiformes in the Amazon region and has been one of the most important species commercially in Brazil, both for fisheries and for aquaculture. This study aims to determine the genetic variability of four different populations of the neotropical fish Colossoma macropomum from captive populations and nature. An enriched library of microsatellite was developed for studies of populations of tambaqui. Seven new loci and six loci previously described in literature were used in this study. Intrapopulation and interpopulation analysis were performed to verify genetic diversity of populations. Two models of Bayesian cluster analysis were tested to observe the structure between them. The results showed that populations are highly structured. The genetic variability in populations of fish farming is low and the wild population has a deficit of heterozygotes. The two clustering models can be related to genetic structuring among populations, corroborating the results of differentiation and genetic distance. In conclusion, the genetic conservation of the populations of C. macropomum require continuous monitoring for recovery of genetic variability.

ASSUNTO(S)

genetica animal marcadores genéticos microssatélites (genética) peixes - manejo peixes - conservação variabilidade genética diversidade genética tambaqui

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