Mamíferos marinhos, a atividade de prospecção sísmica e o uso do Sistema de Monitoramento de Mamíferos Marinhos - SIMMAM

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Since 1999, a large amount of data on marine mammals sightings has been collected by observers on board during the conduct of seismic surveys in the Brazilian coast. This is one of the mitigating measures adopted to minimize the potential impact that the activity carries on marine species. The information gathered up the necessary documents for the process of licensing the activity, however, the results of these reports were not widely available nor the scientific community and the environmental agencies responsible. This study gathered the sightings made by observers on board between the 2000 to 2008, to evaluate the process of collecting data during the monitoring of marine biota in marine seismic surveys. The information reported has been validated and included in the Monitoring System of Marine Mammals - SIMMAM. The valid sightings were subjected to analysis of occurrence and diversity and were also compared with the diversity reported by observers on board of fishing boats. The information reported during the seismic surveys were considered reliable, because most sightings coincides with the described range of the species. The sedimentary basins were grouped into four areas of study, where the records are distributed and were compared the values of diversity and richness, using non-parametric methods, between years and between areas of study. There was no statistically significant change in richness and diversity of species among years. Among the areas differences was detected, with a tendency to increase in richness and diversity toward the temperate areas, pattern observed in other studies. The range of values reported by the fisheries are very similar to those reported by the seismic, however the composition of species was not the same. Changes were suggested in the methodology for data collection during the monitoring of biota in seismic surveys and recommended the use of the SIMMAM as a tool, not only to record data, but also for environmental management

ASSUNTO(S)

prospecção sísmica sistema de monitoramento mamifero marinho oceanografia

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