Levels of protein and energy in diets for fingerlings of trairão Hoplias lacerdae / Níveis de proteína e energia em dietas para alevinos de trairão Hoplias lacerdae

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Through the present research work, evaluating the levels of crude protein (CP) and gross energy (GE) for fingerlings of trairão (Hoplias lacerdae) was sought. The completely randomized design with four replicates in factorial scheme 4 x 3 were utilized, namely, four levels of crude protein (35; 39; 43 and 47%) and three levels of gross energy (4100; 4300 and 4500 kcal GE/Kg). Trairão fingerlings of 1.85 0.047 g of average weight and 4.74 0.05 cm in average length were distributed into 48 aquaria containing seven liters of water, controlled temperature, biological filter and 12-hour photoperiod at the stocking rate of 1.14 fish per liter. The fish were fed the experimental diets at the times of 8: 00 a.m; 12:00 a.m and 16:00 p.m for a 60 days period. At the end of the experiment, survival rate; the performance indices: weight gains (WG) and length (LG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rates (SGR) and protein efficiency (PER); the body composition: body protein (BP) and lipid (BL), mineral matter (MM), dry matter (DM) and moisture (MO); and protein retention (PR) and gross energy (GER). The average survival of the fish of the different treatments was of 99.2%, its not being influenced at all by the levels of dietary CP and GE. There was no significant interaction between CP and GE on the performance rates (P >0.01) and the same ones were not influenced by the level of dietary GE (P >0.01). Nevertheless, a linear increase was found on WG, WL and SGR and a linear reduction of FCR with increasing levels of CP of the diet (P <0.01). For the body composition indices, there was a significant interaction between CP and GE on both BP and MM (P<0.01). For the level of 35 and 47% of CP, there was a quadratic effect of GE on BP, with maximum values estimated of 15.91 for GE of 4294.11 kcal/kg and of 17.26% for GE of 4250 kcal/kg, respectively. For the levels of 39 and 43% of CP, there was a linear increase of BP with increasing levels of dietary energy. For the level of 4100 kg of GE/kg, a linear increase of BP with the growing levels of dietary CP was found, while for the level of 4500 kcal/kg of GE/kg, a quadratic effect on body protein occurred, with maximum value estimated of 16.95% for 41.88% of dietary CP. For the level of 4300kcal of GE/kg, there was no significant effect of the levels of dietary CP on BP. The mineral matter for the level of 35% of CP presented a linear reduction with the growing levels of dietary GE, not presenting any significant effect of the levels of GE on MM for the other levels of CP of the diet. At the levels of 4300 and 4500 kcal of GE/Kg, there was a linear increase of MM with the growing levels of dietary CP, presenting no significant effect for the level of 4100 kcal of GE/kg. Body lipid presented no linear increase with the increasing levels of CP and GE in the diet (P <0.01). Moisture presented a linear decrease with the growing levels of CP in the diet (P <0.01), but protein retention was not influenced by the levels of CP and GE of the diet (P <0.01). The highest level of dietary protein (47% of CP) resulted into the best performance rates of these animals as well as improved energy retention, independent of the levels of energy in the diet. However, the highest estimated value for body protein was for the diet containing 47% of CP and 4250 kcal of GE/KG. From the results obtained in this work, it follows that the diet for trairão fingerlings should contain 47% of CP and 4250 kcal of GE/Kg.

ASSUNTO(S)

níveis de proteína energia hoplias lacerdae hoplias lacerdae energy levels of protein zoologia

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