Lesões osteomusculares entre trabalhadores de um hospital mexicano e a ocorrência de absenteísmo / Osteomuscular injuries among workers from a Mexican hospital and the occurrence of absenteeism.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Studies of factors which cause work disability are priority for the adoption of preventive measures, improvement of work conditions and valorization of health human resource, according to the Pan American Health Organization recommendations for the period 2006- 2015. Among the factors of disablement for work of professionals working in hospitals are the osteomuscular injuries, which can be related to overburden in handling loads, poor posture and repetitive movements. Many times osteomuscular injuries are associated to ergonomic factors which require the establishment of preventive programs. In this context, this research was proposed aiming to analyze the occurrence of osteomuscular injuries and absenteeism-illness among workers from a Mexican hospital and ergonomic conditions at work. It is a descriptive study using quantitative data approach, carried out through census epidemiological investigation, with retrospective analysis of work absences because of sick leave at a hospital in Morélia, Mexico. A survey was done to identify indicators of osteomuscular injuries morbidity and workers opinion about the working environment. The study was carried out with sick leaves issued in 2005 and 2006, and with a sample of 226 workers of the hospital in 2007. The execution procedures were: absenteeism-illness identification, validation of the Spanish version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, application of the data collection instrument consisting of the workerspersonal and occupational aspects identification, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and information on working environment. For the results display, percentage analysis statistical method was used, with simple frequency distribution in tables and figures. The research project was approved by the hospitals ethics committee. In 2005 there were registers of 107 sick leaves, 1.177 absence days, percentage index of accumulated wasted time (TP) of 0,56%, sick leaves caused by osteomuscular problems were responsible for 232 wasted work days, corresponding to 19,71% of the years absences. In 2006, there were registers of 118 sick leaves, 1201 absence days, accumulated TP = 0,57%, sick leaves caused by osteomuscular problems were responsible for 303 wasted work days, corresponding to 25,22% of the years absences. Regarding the reasons for workers sickness, 59,68% of the subjects believed the cause is osteomuscular problems. The most frequent ostemusculares symptoms were in the lumbar (31,86% and 23,89%) and cervical (24,78% e 15,04%) regions, respectively, in the 12 months and seven days preceding data collection. There was concordance between the reported symptoms in lumbar region and the work absence frequency distribution in the 12 preceding months. Great part of the professionals is not aware of the occupational risks. The ergonomic factors perceived by 39,82% of the subjects were; physical overburden, inappropriate furniture, damaged and obsolete equipments, repetitive movements, reduced spaces and inappropriate illumination. Conclusion: osteomuscular injuries cause absenteeism, there is a large number of workers with osteomuscular morbidity indicators who may have to be absent at work. Ergonomic aspects of the environment must be improved aiming prevention of workers illness and losses for the hospital.

ASSUNTO(S)

nursing occupational health absenteeism enfermagem absenteísmo saúde ocupacional

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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