Isolamento e identificação de compostos com atividade antibacteriana da própolis vermelha brasileira / Isolation and identification of compounds presenting antibacterial activity in Brazilian red propolis

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Propolis is a resinous material, collected by honeybees from several parts of plants, known for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral properties, among others. Its composition varies according to several factors, such as the geographical location. A novel type of Brazilian propolis, named red propolis due to its intense characteristic color, was collected in a mangrove area in the State of Alagoas. This research aimed to fractionate and isolate the compounds in this new type of propolis that present antibacterial activity. The ethanolic extract of red propolis (EEP) was fractionated using the liquid-liquid extraction technique, yielding the hexanic (Hex-fr) and the chloroformic fractions (Chlo-fr). Chlo-fr showed high antibacterial activity determined by the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests against Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus mutans, and Actinomyces naeslundii. Thus, Chlo-fr was refractionated by Dry-Column Chromatography, yielding seven subfractions. After submitted to MIC and MBC techniques to assess their antibacterial activity, and subfraction 3, the most bioactive of them, was purified in Sephadex LH-20 column. After this purification, three bioactive subfractions were obtained, submitted to isolation of compounds using preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Two compounds were isolated and named compound 1 and compound 2. Compound 2 presented the highest inhibitory and bactericidal activities and its MIC for the three types of bacteria tested ranged from 15.6 to 31.2 µg/mL, whereas for compound 1, this parameter ranged from 31.2 to 62.5 µg/mL. MBC of compound 1 and compound 2 ranged from 125 to 250 µg/mL and from 31.2 to 62.5 µg/mL, respectively. Through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance tecnique (NMR), it was possible to identify the compound 1 as belonging to class of isoflavans and the compound 2 as a chalcone (isoliquiritigenin). Due to the strong antibacterial activity presented by the compounds isolated from red propolis, it can be concluded that this product is an important source of natural antibacterial compounds.

ASSUNTO(S)

cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência high performance liquid chromatography propolis. própolis. bees abelhas antimicrobial agents isolation and purification agentes antimicrobianos-isolamento e purificação

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