Integralidade: um estudo a partir da atenção básica à saúde da criança em modelos assistenciais distintos. / A study about the basic attendance on child’s health in different assistance models.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

The Brazilian Health Care System is one of the worlds best leagal instruments. But when analyzed from a political, and economic, and social and cultural point of view, many contradictions appear from numerous places. To solidify the Health Care System - SUS means searching for new tools that overcome the difficulties that are part of our social reality. One of the most important tools that lead to that direction has been the assistance models built in favor of the implementation of the principles held by the SUS. It is in this new concept of different forms of assistance models that some questions appear related to the assistance provided by the government with respect to health care. Searching for a better understanding of the problem, the integrity principle has been elected as the essential attribute regarding health care. Four dimensions of integrity have been considered so to construct this point of view: 1) contextual factors; 2) service organization; 3) assistance models; and 4) integrity practice during health care provided and the effects of child care. This transversal case study of, descriptive-exploratory nature integrated a more broad project developed in two health care units located in the city of São Paulo. Although both units seemed interesting to the SUS point of view, each one of the health care units performed in two different manners: the one located in the South Zone of São Paulo had as an organized assistance in the traditional health care model (without-PSF), while the other unit located in the East Zone of São Paulo had as an axis of its health assistance concept, the Family Health Program – PSF (with-PSF). Information regarding the structure and the care process were collected from people’s homes through interviewing procedures conducted with the child’s responsible people and health care professionals. Information was also obtained through notes and the information system gathered from the health care system. The analysis of the data obtained made possible to conclude that both the context influence and the service organization held by the Family Health Program provide conditions to practice in a more integral manner. Nevertheless, the plans developed and its effect over the population health status still do not show the existence of the integrity concept even while considering the healing outcome due to the assistance provided and the access difficulties. It is worth commenting two important questions that are implicit in this text. One is related to the health professionals and the other to the universality principle. As to the first question it is important to comment that exercising integrity foresees a professional profile with knowledge, skills and behavior pointing to basic assistance, although it represents a great difficulty toward reaching the universality of access. It has been pointed out a pattern of favoring a part of the population in the Family Health Program attendance. This pattern guarantees more access to some of the people who attend the program while, in the other hand, brings out one of the fundamental issues of the Brazilian reality, the social exclusion. Changing must be procedurally and dialectically understood. Therefore changes in the assistance model as well as the access to the health care system remain as challenges in the SUS construction arena.

ASSUNTO(S)

enfermagem saúde da criança assistência à saúde children nursing child´s health health assistance health services crianças serviços de saúde

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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