Integração espacial entre os mercados brasileiros de suínos / Spatial integration among Brazilian swine markets

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Market integration analysis plays a relevant role in the economic development of a country, since the presence of integrated markets favors the reduction of structural deficiencies in response to a higher flow of information among the regions. Thus, integration facilitates decision-making by the involved agents and contributes to greater market efficiency. Moreover, it enhances the possibility of increased specialization and trade, and, consequently, improved producer and consumer well-being. In integrated markets, public and private policy measures are more efficacious, since they adjust faster and are more comprehensive. Thus, given the relevance of this topic and the importance of the swine productive sector for agribusiness and given the fact that no similar study has been carried out in the country on this matter, this work aimed to analyze swine market integration in different Brazilian states from January 1980 through March 2005. Aspects related to market spatial delimitation, market interrelationship, and determination of more or less integrated markets were analyzed, as well as the factors determining the degree of integration among these markets. The method used in this study focused on integration under three aspects: extension, standard and degree. The analytical referential used was that of temporal series, more specifically, multivariate co-integration analysis. The results obtained from the analysis of market spatial extension indicate that it is composed by the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and São Paulo, since these states are involved in a significant amount of trade, also sharing a single price behavior tendency. As for the relationship standard established among the 9 integrated states, it was observed that, although no locality stood out in terms of market behavior, there was no perfect interaction among them. A faster adjustment was observed between Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina with Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul being the states that reacted to a larger number of transitory imbalances in long-term relations. It was observed that Sao Paulo was the major state in short-term relations, significantly leading swine meat price variations. As for the analysis of integration, i.e., localities more or less integrated, it was confirmed that the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina adjusted more rapidly to the systems imbalances, thus possessing a higher degree of integration with the market. On the other hand, the states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná presented a slower adjustment, indicating to be less market-integrated. Overall, it was observed that the Brazilian swine market showed great vitality regarding price behavior in the different localities studied, considering that all the adjustments occurred relatively fast, i.e., within a period shorter than three months. With regard to the analysis of the determinants of the degree of integration in the Brazilian swine market, one can state that there is a direct relationship between the localities possessing greater access to communication infrastructure, better educational levels and better transport infrastructure and degree of integration, allowing to infer that there is a relationship between the level of economic and social development and degree of integration of the states. Therefore, measures directed to improving transport and communication infrastructure, as well as increasing the educational level of the population may contribute to increased degree of relationship among the market localities, leading to enhanced efficiency and competitivity.

ASSUNTO(S)

preços agrícolas swine comércio suíno farm produce marketing markets relacoes do comercio; politica comercial; integracao economica comercialização produtos agrícolas agricutural prices

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