INFLUENCIA DEL USO DE MALLA PERLA Y ROJA EN LAS CONDICIONES MICRO-CLIMÁTICAS, DAÑO POR SOL Y DESARROLLO DE COLOR DE FRUTOS EN HUERTOS DE MANZANOS CVS. GALA Y FUJI

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

Rev. Bras. Frutic.

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

30/03/2017

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Sun damage and the lack of color of fruits produced by excessive solar radiation and high temperatures is the biggest production problem in apple orchards in Chile. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of colored nets as a tool for control of sun damage and improve color on apples. During the 2012-13 and 2013-14 season ´Fuji´ and ´Gala´ apple orchard was covered with Red and Pearl nets at 20% of shading, leaving trees without covering as control. The air and fruit temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), total (PARtotal) and diffuse (PARdifusse) photosynthetically active radiation (µmol m-2 s-1) were recorded. At the harvest moment, sun damage by visual scale (%) and color by a Color Hunter equipment were measured in fruits. On average, for both seasons, the Red net reduced the PARtotal transmission by 21%, while the Pearl net was up to 17%. The amount of PARdifusse was on average 15% higher under Pearl than Red net, thereby increasing the development of red color in fruits at Fuji cultivar. During the 2012/13 season both net reduced by 26% and 44% the sun damage in fruit for the Gala and Fuji cultivars, respectively. During the 2013/14 season the nets did not significantly reduce sun damage in the fruits. The results of this study suggest that the Pearl net provides better light conditions for the development of red color of fruits in apple orchards. However, under the climatic conditions of Chile, both nets (Red and Pearl) have only relative effectiveness for controlling sun damage on apples.

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