Influência de polimorfismos em genes de metabolismo de xenobióticos e reparação de DNA no risco ocupacional de mineiros de carvão a céu aberto

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

Colombia has one of the world s largest coal reserves being the fifth biggest thermal coal exporter world-wide. In open-cast coal mining extraction, large amounts of dust particles and heavy metals are released into the atmosphere, where they can form complex mixtures, representing a significant health risks to occupationally exposed workers. In addition, in open-cast mines, extracted coal is stored under sunlight, causing spontaneous fires, being an important source of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Aromatic (PHAs) emission after incomplete combustion. The aim of our study was to evaluate if polymorphisms in metabolisms genes CYP1A1Msp1, GSTM1null, GSTT1null and DNA repair XRCC1194Trp and OGG1326Cys could modify individual susceptibility to adverse coal exposure effects caused by the exposition to coal mining residues considering the Micronucleus formation (MN) and Comet Assay parameters (Damage Index (DI), Damage Frequency (DF) and Tail % DNA) as endpoint s for mutagenicity and genotoxicity. The study population comprised 100 open-cast coal mining workers occupationally exposed to coal residues and 100 non-exposed controls. The study was conducted in the coal mining area of ¿El Cerrejón¿, the world¿s largest open-cast coal mine, located in Guajira North Colombia. The analysis of Comet assay values indicated a significant increase in the DI, DF and Tail % DNA (p <0.001) in the exposed group in comparison to the non-exposed control group. There was also a significant MN frequency increase in exposed workers, represented by a relative risk (RR) of almost the triple (2.88, 95% CI 2.525 ¿ 3.284, p <0.001) for the exposed population, representing a higher risk in relation to the matched non-exposed control. Despite of this, the results show that polymorphisms in the metabolism genes (CYP1A1Msp1,, GSTM1null, GSTT1null) and DNA repair genes (XRCC1194Trp and OGG1326Cys) had no impact on MN frequencies in peripheral lymphocytes of exposed workers. Similarly, polymorphisms in metabolism genes (CYP1A1Msp1,, GSTM1null, GSTT1null) did not influence levels of DNA damage detected by comet assay. XIV The XRCC1194Trp/- genotype shows a protective effect evidenced by a decreased MN frequency in exposed individuals, although with no statistics significance. To our knowledge, this study provides the first data in the country on a genotoxic hazard associated to exposure to coal residues by mining activities and contributes to establishing a general map of representative genotype frequencies in the Latin-American population, which is quite complex given the high degree of ethnic admixture and stratification.

ASSUNTO(S)

polimorfismo xenobioticos dna : reparacao mineiros de carvão

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