Influencia da etnia indigena e do cancer de mama no padrão de densidade mamografica

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare mammographic density patterns in three population groups of women in Mato Grosso do Sul, southwestern Brazil (indigenous Terena, and non-indigenous women with or without breast cancer). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: An analytical retrospective study was conducted to evaluate three groups: non-indigenous women with and without breast cancer and cancer-free indigenous Terena women. Mammograms were evaluated according to Wolfe?s criteria - N1P1 (no dense) and P2DY (dense) and by digital imaging - level III: percentage of fibroglandular superior or equal to 19.4%. Data analysis made use of the chi-squared test, Fisher?s exact test, ANOVA (followed by Tukey?s) or Kruskal?Wallis (followed by Wilcoxon?s) and odds ratio estimation (95% Cl). Stepwise logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: As evaluated by Wolfe?s criteria, the relative risk of dense breast occurrence in nonindigenous women with breast cancer was 4.20 (1.81-9.73) in relation to cancerfree indigenous women and 4.09 (1.76-9.49) in relation to cancer-free nonindigenous ones. When adjusted for age and menopause, these two values changed to 5.77 (2.04-16.34) and 1.62 (0.59-4.45), respectively. When adjusted for parity, lactation, age and menopause, the relative risk of dense breast occurrence in non-indigenous women with breast cancer decreased to 2.11 (0.50-8.9) in relation to cancer-free indigenous women. As evaluated by digital imaging, the relative risk of level III breast occurrence in non-indigenous women with breast cancer was 9.20 (3.48-24.33) in comparison with cancer-free indigenous women and 4.17 (1.71-10.19) when compared with cancer-free nonindigenous ones. When adjusted for age and/or menopause, the relative risk of level III (percentage of fibroglandular superior or equal to 19.4%) breast occurrence in non-indigenous women with breast cancer changed to 1.94 (0.65-5.47) as compared with cancer-free non-indigenous women and to 9.50 (3.20-28.19) when compared with cancer-free indigenous ones. When adjusted for parity, lactation, menopause and BMI, the relative risk of dense breast occurrence in non-indigenous women with breast cancer changed to 5.30 (1.64-17.32) in relation to cancer-free indigenous women. CONCLUSIONS: Non-indigenous women with breast cancer had denser breasts than those in the other two groups, according to both density evaluation methods. Evaluation under Wolfe?s criteria showed that all three groups would have similar mammographic densities if they were similar in age and menopausal, parity and lactation status. However, when evaluated by indirect digitalization of mammographies, indigenous women had less dense breasts, not only due to their reproductive pattern of having many children and breastfeeding for a prolonged period, but also because of their own Indigenous ethnic group

ASSUNTO(S)

mamografia neoplasias mamarias

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