Influência da arborização de pastagens no sistema solo-planta-animal. / Influence of tree planting in pastures on the soil-plant-animal system.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to evaluate influence of four leguminous trees species in the production, quality of the grass Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, soil fauna, the microclimate, and the animal behavior in pastures cultivated in a consortium tree-grass system, comparing areas with scattered trees and a single grass pasture. The experiments were conducted in a Fragiudult soil in the municipality of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro State, during the years of 2006 and 2007. The statistical design was of entirely randomized blocks and plots. The species of leguminous trees were Pseudosamanea guachapele (Albizia), Acacia holosericea (olosericea), Mimosa artemisiana (jurema white) and Mimosa tenuiflora (jurema black). The parameters evaluated were: dry matter, crude protein CP), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), ADF (acid detergent fiber), IVDMD (in vitro dry matter), lignin, solar radiation, density, and rates of soil diversity TFBF method), soil fertility, black globe temperature (NGT), the dry bulb temperature (TBS), wet bulb temperature (TBU), maximum temperature (TMAX), minimum temperature (Tmin), speed of wind (VV), temperature and humidity index (THI), index of black globe temperature and humidity (ITGU) and thermal load of radiation CTR), and number of observations of animal grazing habits. For statistical analysis of solar radiation and soil fertility it was used the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. Principal components analysis was applied to assess similarity between treatments related to distribution of wildlife groups. For the environmental data it was used the Tukey test at 5% probability. There were no differences in the dry mass production of Marandu grass between systems, tree-grass consortium (TGC) and single grass pasture (SGP), at the rainy season. In the dry season grass production in the TGC was 147% higher than in SGP; levels of gross protein and digestibility in vitro dry matter in the TGC were respectively 43 and 24% higher than in the single grass pasture, in the dry season. The Marandu grass showed, respectively, 6 and 14% more neutral detergent fiber and lignin in the SGP than in TGC system. The soil fauna showed greater group richness in the dry season. It was concluded that the usage of leguminous trees scattered in the pasture positively influenced the yield and quality of the dry matter of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, promoting soil fauna both in the density and group richness. In addition to, it improved the microclimate and provided greater comfort for the animals.

ASSUNTO(S)

fauna and animal behavior. sistema silvipastoril microclima ciencia do solo tree-pasture system fauna e comportamento animal. microclimate

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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