INDUCTION OF YEASTLIKE DEVELOPMENT IN MUCOR BY CARBON DIOXIDE

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Bartnicki-Garcia, S. (Rutgers, The State University, New Brunswick, N. J.) and Walter J. Nickerson. Induction of yeastlike development in Mucor by carbon dioxide. J. Bacteriol. 84:829–840. 1962—Vegetative development of Mucor rouxii may follow either one of two patterns of morphogenesis (mold-yeast dimorphism), depending on the atmosphere of incubation. Under air or N2, a filamentous (moldlike) growth developed, commonly followed by fragmentation of hyphae into spherical cells (arthrospores). Introduction of CO2 into an anaerobic atmosphere induced development of spherical, budding yeastlike cells. Anaerobically, a pCO2 of 0.3 atm or higher produced a purely yeastlike development. Presence of oxygen annulled the effect of CO2 On germination, spores gave rise directly to either type of vegetative development, depending on the atmosphere of incubation. Induction of yeastlike development by CO2 occurred in five strains of M. rouxii, and in most species of Mucor tested. M. subtilissimus, however, did not require CO2; it developed in the yeastlike form under anaerobic conditions. Strains of Rhizopus grew under CO2, but developed only filamentous mycelium. Members of other genera of Mucorales were unable to grow under an atmosphere of CO2.

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