Histopatologia das reações de resistência de hospedeiro e de não-hospedeiro em interações Puccinia triticina x Poaceae / Histopathology of resistance reactions on host and nonhost interactions in Puccinia triticina X poaceae

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2011

RESUMO

Leaf rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina, is one of the major diseases of wheat. The environmental conditions present in the Southern Cone of South America, associated with a high genetic variability for virulence of the pathogen, favoring the occurrence of annual epidemics. Thus, it is common the overcome of resistance in varieties with specific resistance genes. In this context, the identification of potentially durable resistance mechanisms is of utmost importance. The objective of this study was to characterize the histological events responsible for the resistance reaction in host interactions (susceptible wheat (BRS 194), with specific resistance (Lr9) and nonspecific resistance (Toropi)) and non-host (barley (BRS 195), oat (URS 22) and rice (IRGA 417 and Nippon Bare)) to Puccinia triticina. For this, plants were inoculated with race B56 of P. triticina and collections were made from 1.5 cm leaf segments of each species at different times after inoculation, which were quantified for infective structures formed, as well as the reactions of resistance displayed by genotypes at the stage of seedling and adult plant. The genotypes showed different resistance mechanisms, active at different times of the infectious process. In oat resistance has been pre-haustorial and involved the formation of papillae. Resistance in rice has been pre-haustorial, with production of autofluorescent compounds and the formation of H202. In barley there was a combination of pre and post-haustorial mechanisms. The same was found in wheat genotype with partial resistance, Toropi. The isogenic line Lr9 showed post-haustorial resistance, inducing hypersensitive cell death. The results suggest that partial resistance to P. triticina resembles the non-host resistance observed. Both are active and involve a combination of different defense mechanisms. Knowledge about the resistance mechanisms operating in non-host species may assist in understanding the pathogen-host relationships, towards to obtain commercial varieties with more durable forms of resistance. The combination of different mechanisms of resistance in Toropi may be responsible for maintaining the resistance, as well as by the low disease severity observed in the field.

ASSUNTO(S)

trigo ferrugem doença de planta fungo

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