Higiene das mãos: comparação da eficácia antimicrobiana do álcool - formulação gel e líquida - nas mãos com matéria orgânica. / Hand hygiene : antimicrobial activity comparison of three alcoholic produts - gel and liquid - in hands with organic material.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

Hand hygiene is considered the most important measure to reduce the transmission of nosocomial pathogens in health care settings. Because alcohol has excellent antimicrobial activity, requires less time, results in less skin irritation and does not require proximity to a sink, is the preferred agent for hand hygiene. In the face of scientific evidence, theres still contradiction concerning the effectiveness of alcohol in the hands with proteinaceous material. This research was developed in order to compare the antimicrobial activity of three alcoholic products commonly used (two alcohol-based gel and one liquid formulation) in the hands with organic material. It was conducted in the Research Laboratory (bacterial samples) and in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Clinical Pathology Department (bacterial counting) of the Hospital Albert Einstein, using modified European Standard EN 1500. The test products were: A - ethanol alcohol-based gel 62% (p/p), product B - ethanol alcohol-based gel 70% (p/p) and product C - ethanol alcohol-based liquid 70% (p/v) with glycerol 2% compared to reference product: D - alcohol 2-propanolol 60% (v/v) on artificially contaminated hands with S. marcescens ATCC 14756, using a cross-over design. Fourteen healthy volunteers, with no skin hand problems and who signed written consent form were randomized in 3 groups. For each reference and test products, the following sequence was carried through: hands were washed with soft soap, 1,2 ml of sterile sheep blood defibrinated was dispensed by sterile syringe into the hands, air-dried and immersed in the contamination fluid up to the mid-metacarpals. Bacterial sample were recovered for the inicial count by rubbing the fingertips of each hand for 1 min in the petri dish containing tryptone soya broth (TSB) . The hands were rubbed thoroughly over their entire surface (30 to 60 seconds) with 2 -3 ml of the test products. The reference product was used twice (total of 6 ml) and rubbed for 60 seconds. Both hands were rinsed in running water and excess water was drained off. Final bacterial count was obtained rubbing the fingertips of each hand for 1 min in the petri dish containing TSB. For both reference and test products, the mean log10 reduction factors (RF) were calculated (difference between the pre-value and post-value) and for testing the RF of the test products against that of reference product the Wilcoxon teste was used (level of significance was set at P=0,1, one sided) The RF log10 calculated were: 3,29 for the product A; 3,36 for the product B; 3,56 for the product C and 3,66 for the product D. The Wilcoxon test indicated that product A did not meet standard criteria (P = 0,074) and the products B (P = 0,198) and C (P = 0,826) met the EN 1500 requirement. As conclusion, this study indicated that the test products, used in hands with organic material, significantly reduced the transient flora, more than 3 log10 (99,9% of reduction), may be used for hand hygiene. These values are greater than the values of RF log10 after washing hands with plain soap (2,70) and triclosan (2,8) or similar or even exceeding when comparing with antimicrobial detergents used for hand washing, as PVP-I (3,5) or chlorhexidine 4% (3,1). Although the product A did not meet the EN 1500 criteria and had the lowest RF log10, its RF is superior to soaps (plain soap, triclosan and chlorhexidine 4%). This indicates a possibility of its usage as a second option.

ASSUNTO(S)

en 1500 glycerol alcohol higiene de mãos alcoholic gel hand hygiene eficácia antimicrobiana mãos com matéria orgânica Álcool glicerinado en 1500 produtos alcoólicos alcoholic products gel alcoólico antimicrobial efficacy hands with organic material

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