Biologia e manejo da planta daninha Borreria densiflora DC. / Biology and management of the weed Borreria densiflora DC.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The weed vassourinha-de-botao (Borreria densiflora DC.) has been presenting increase in its infestation in areas cultivated with sugarcane and soybean, respectively in Maranhao and Goias states and north of Tocantins state, Brazil. Field observations have reported the control deficiency of this species, when it occurs in advanced growth stage. Thus, this research was conducted with the objective of classify botanically the weed, analyze the light and temperature influence on the germination of this species, its growth, development and reproductive structures, its susceptibility to herbicides in pre and post conditions, as well as the influence of the interaction between seed burial and the presence of crop residue in different amounts in the soil surface on the emergence of this weed. The botanical classification of vassourinha-de-botao was done in the Exact and Natural Sciences College - UNNE / IBONE, Argentina; the experiment that evaluated germination under different conditions was conducted in the Seeds Analyzes Laboratory, of the Crop Science Department of USP / ESALQ, and all the other experiments were carried out in the same department, between 2006 and 2007. It was concluded that the weed vassourinha-de-botao is the species Borreria densiflora DC. and it belongs to Rubiaceae family. Related to germination, it was observed that B. densiflora DC. is preferencial positive photoblastic, since its germination is favored by presence of light, responding differently to the studied light and temperature conditions. The highest germination rates and speeds of germination were reached in presence of photoperiod condition (12h), under the constant temperatures 30ºC and 35ºC and the alternated 20-30ºC. Basically, there was not germination in the constant dark condition. About the growth and development, it was observed that the weed Borreria densiflora DC. is a species with slow initial growth, with a simple perennial life cycle, presenting a big increment in the variables total dry biomass, relative growth and liquid assimilation rates between 26 and 36 days after transplanting (DAT). At the end of the experiment, the stems appear as the most participative compartments in the photosynthate partition by Borreria densiflora DC. This species is able to produce, in average, 93,090 seeds per plant. Related to the chemical management of Borreria densiflora DC., the majority of the herbicides provided controls considered adequate, except clomazone and MSMA, in pre and post-emergence conditions, respectively. Therefore, many herbicide options and mix of herbicides can be recommended to the management of the weed Borreria densiflora DC., since in pre-plant to pre and post-emergence. The study about the influence of the interaction between seed burial and presence of dry sugarcane residue in the soil surface on the emergence of this species demonstrated to exist interaction between those two tested factors, being that the bigger depth in the soil and amount of dry sugarcane residue in the soil surface, the lower is the percentage of emergence and fresh biomass of B. densiflora DC. Those results are important since they favor the understanding of the population dynamics of Borreria densiflora DC., aiding the integrated management of this weed species.

ASSUNTO(S)

biologia vegetal biology management herbicidas crop residue emergence plantas daninhas (manejo). seeds borreria densiflora dc. germinação de sementes

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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