Gestation diagnostic, quantification and fetal sexing in mare and ewes by ultrasonography / DiagnÃsticos de gestaÃÃo, quantificaÃÃo e sexagem fetais por meio de ultra-sonografia convencional em Ãguas e ovelhas
AUTOR(ES)
LÃlian Mara Kirsch Dias
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2007
RESUMO
The objective of experiment I: was to evaluate the accuracy of fetal sex determination, with a single exam, with images recorded on DVD. Thirty five mares of the Mangalarga Marchador (n=21) and Quarter Horse (n=14) breeds were examined by ultrasound using an Aloka 500 with a 5.0 MHz probe. Mare gestational ages varied from 57 to 81 days. All DVDs recorded were examined by a second veterinarian in order to compare the effect of the observer on accuracy. A score was used and was applied to evaluated diagnose certainty. Each exam duration was recorded to evaluate the effect of mare exam tolerance. Data was analyzed through chisquare (χ2) or FisherÂs test. Of 35 examined fetuses, it was possible to diagnose the fetal sex in 82.9% (n=29). Of the diagnosed fetuses, 89,6% (n=26) were correct. Fetal sexing accuracy was higher with recorded images compared to live exams. There was an observer effect on the proportion of exams without diagnosis. There was no difference between observer on sexing accuracy. It was more difficult to determine the female fetus sex compared to male. There was no certainty percentage effect as to sexing, breed, gestational age and of mare exam tolerance on fetal sexing accuracy. Therefore, fetal sexing in mares is a viable process, being more efficient from recorded images and with more experienced examiner. The objective of experiment II: was to evaluate the accuracy of gestation, fetal sexing and quantification diagnoses in ewes. Only one intra-rectal exam was performed on each ewe to simulate routine farm exams. Pregnancy was diagnosed in the whole herd (n=105) jointly with fetal quantification when fetal age was close to 35 Â 1 day. For the fetal sexing diagnose 55 Santa InÃs breed ewes between 49 and 59 days of pregnancy were used. All exams were recorded on DVD for posterior analyses. A score system was applied to evaluate the percentage(65%, 95% and 99%)of diagnostic certainty. After birth, lamb sex was recorded to determine fetal sexing precision. Data were analyzed by chisquare (χ2) or FisherÂs test. One hundred percent of pregnancy ultrasound diagnoses were correct. On the other hand, for the fetal quantification diagnose, there was an error of 12% and the remaining 88% were correct conclusions. It was possible to diagnose the fetal sex in 87% (n=60) of the 69 examined fetuses. Of the fetuses with a diagnosis, 90% (n=54) were diagnosed correctly. The real time or live farm exam did not differ from the recorded DVD image exam. There was no difference between the methods in relation to the diagnostic certainty percentage. Therefore, pregnancy diagnosis accuracy may reach 100%, differing from fetal sexing and quantification which are dependent upon other variables such as fetal gender and examiner experience.
ASSUNTO(S)
equino, Ãgua, ovelha, fetos, cordeiros, tubÃrculo genital, sexo mare, equine, sex, genital tubercle, ewe,lambs zootecnia
