Geotecnologias como contribuição ao estudo do agroecossistema cafeeiro de Minas Gerais em nível municipal / Geotechnologies as contribution to the study of coffee crop agro system at municipal level in Minas Gerais state

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

Coffee crop, an important economic and social activity to Brazil, is an agrobusiness segment that has not updated information about the agroecosystem and the productive profile. In this sense, it was proposed in the year of 2004 a multidisciplinary and multi institutional project, involving INPE, EMBRAPA and UFLA to characterize the coffee agroecosystem in Minas Gerais State, using geotechnology tools (remote sensing and GIS; Geographic Information System). In the context of this project, the use of these tools were relevant to generate information in a quick, precise, automatic and computerized way, in different scales and levels of details. The present work comes to add in the sense to develop and/or adequate fundamental methods in geotechnologies that may significantly contribute to the study of the coffee crop agroecosystem in Minas Gerais State, allowing to diagnose the geographic environment in which the coffee crop is installed and to subsidize technicians and professionals to determine limited and potential areas to introduce the crop. As a pilot study area the municipalities of Aguanil, Boa Esperança, Campo Belo and Cristais were selected. In the development of the work, images from CCD, on board of CBERS-2 satellite, images from TM sensor, on board of Landsat-5, and altimetry data from SRTM integrated in a geographic data bank, were used. From orbital data, digital image processing, analogical digitalized maps and GIS techniques, in conjunction with field work information on hydrography, gallery forest, land use, altimetry, slope and hill orientation, were extracted in order to diagnose the coffee crop with regard to these variables. Coffee crop areas as well as physiographic variables were quantified and mapped. Using GIS, a diagnose at municipal level was performed for each calculated variables and afterwards the intersection between: coffee crop and altimetry; coffee crop and slope; coffee crop and hill slope orientation, was also performed. Eventually, with the conclude thematic maps, a geo environmental map was elaborated, pointing to areas with more or less favorability to coffee crop as well as the conditions of the mapped fields. To achieve this objective, a weighted map and a multicriteria analyses using the AHP technique was performed, which allowed to generate a final favorability map from literature agronomic parameters. The results allowed diagnose the municipalities and area with mapped coffee crop.

ASSUNTO(S)

modelo digital de elevação remote sensing crop mapping topography models modelagem ambiental environmental modeling digital elevation model geoprocessing sensoriamento remoto mapeamento de culturas coffee geoprocessamento modelagem topográfica café

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