Galactomanana de sementes de Senna spectabilis : extração e composição

AUTOR(ES)

Carlos André Domingues Fernandes

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1999

RESUMO

The seeds used in this work were obtained from trees taxonomically identified as Senna spectabilis, taken from the Unicamp University campus. Samples of these seeds were submitted to two different pretreatments: a pretreatment in a Soxhlet type of extractor using a benzene: ethanol mixture and a pretreatment by dynamic maceration, using four solvents in series. A control treatment, aimed at venting the influence of the pretreatment on the yield and the composition of the polysaccharide fraction (non-purified), obtained from the aqueous extraction at 75°C for 24 hours, from the respective samples of pretreated seeds, was also carried out. Samples from the three polyssaccharidic fractions (non-purified) obtained were submitted to the following determinations: total carbohydrate, proteins and uronic acids contents. Samples of the three fractions were hydrolised and the monosaccharide composition determined by gas chromatography (CG) to evaluate differences in the composition and to establish the mannose: galactose ratio of each of the fractions. The polysaccharidic fractions (non-purified) called "control", "soxhlet" and "dynamic maceration" were show to have mannose: galactose ratios of 2.9 1 ; 3.0:1 and 3,3:1 respectively. After analysing the composition of the "control", "soxhlet" and "dynamic maceration" polysaccharidic fractions (non-purified) it was established that the pretreatment by dynamic maceration promoted a 10% increase in the weight yield of the polyssaccharidic fraction (non-purified) extracted from the sample of seeds pretreated by this method, it was also observed that the methods of pretreatment had a reduced influence on the compositions of the polyssaccharidic fractions (non-purified) obtained. It was determined that three polyssaccharidic fractions (non-purified) were a galactomannan. A sample of the galactomannan obtained was mixed with carrageenan in several proportions and a gel formation was observed in proportions of 1:3 to 3:1 (galactomannan : carragenan).

ASSUNTO(S)

sementes leguminosa

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