Fungos degradadores de compostos organicos recalcitrantes sob condições microaerobia e anaerobia

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2002

RESUMO

The industrial activities of modern society produce great amounts of toxic compounds, which persist in rivers, soils and oceans, causing disturbance to ecosystems. Owing to an extracellular and non-specificenzymatic system produced by whiterot fungi, degradation of these xenobióticos became a viable alternative for environmental bioremediation. Such ligninolytic enzymes are able to degrade lignin and most organic and xenobiotic polyaromatic compounds and macromolecules with complex links similar to those found in lignin. For the efficient biotransformation and consequent mineralization of pollutant compounds, microorganisms can produce biosurfactants, which are responsible for solubilization of the recalcitrant molecules, increasing surface contact between pollutant and microorganism,and thus increasing proneness to biodegradation. In this work, non-basidiomycete fungi were grown on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), lignosulphonic acid and tannic acid as carbon sources and were able to produce ligninolytic enzymes, and bíosurfactants, under microaerobic and anaerobic conditions.These compounds were partially degraded by the fungi and the percentage of degradation varied depending on the fungal strain, carbon source and oxigenation condition. Under mícroaerobic conditions,the fungal strains 984, 1040,Q10 and 710 were the best degraders of PAHs, were decacyclene (ten rings) was degraded from 20 to 40% and perylene (five rings) 11 to 40%. Under anaerobic conditions, there was degradation of ali the carbon sources except tannic acid. FungiQ10, H2 e 710 showed the best degradations for the majority of carbon sources. Under both conditions, strain 984 showed great production of bíosurfactant emulsions when grownin PAHs. Polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons and others recalcitrant organic pollutants can be degraded by fungi under microaerobic and anaerobic conditions,and thereby aid in the bioremediation of anoxic environments

ASSUNTO(S)

hidrocarbonetos policiclicos aromaticos fungos anaerobiose enzimas

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