Fruit, seed and seedling characterization and embryo culture of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) / CaracterizaÃÃo de Frutos, Sementes e PlÃntulas e Cultivo de EmbriÃes de PinhÃo Manso (Jatropha curcas L.)

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Physic nut has a medical and economical importance due to its pharmaceutical properties and increasing interest in fuel industry for biodiesel production, respectively. To be able to attend an increasing demand for Jatropha curcas L. seedlings and to better understand the species, this work aimed to describe its fruit and seed morphologies, its seedling development and to evaluate its in vitro embryo development. To describe fruit and seed morphologies, 50 fruits and 50 seeds were used and their inner and outer peculiarities were considered. To characterize its in vitro germination stages, 60 seeds were used, inoculated in MS culture medium amended with sucrose (30 g.L-1). Embryos were submitted to two experimental conditions: (1) four sucrose concentrations (0, 15, 30 and 60 g.L-1 ) and three fruit development stages (immature, mature and dry) and (2) four concentrations of activated carbon (0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g.L-1 ) and six concentrations of coconut water (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 mL). For the culture media used in all experiments, pH was adjusted to 5.8, and agar (6.0 g.L-1) was used as solidifying agent. Experiments were carried out in flow cabinet and kept in growth chamber with 27Â 1ÂC temperature, 16 hours photoperiod and 35 Âmol.m-2.s-1 irradiance. For the species characterization results are: fruit is dry, with three cocas, hard endocarp and explosive dehiscence. Seed is oval, endospermic, smooth surface with light streaks, possesses caruncle in the ventral part; the rafe is marked longitudinally and slightly evident, embryo encompasses a pair of foliaceous cotyledons and the hypocotyls-radicle axis is cylindrical and straight. Germination is epigeous and phanerocotyledonal. For embryo cultivation, MS medium amended with sucrose (60 g.L-1) resulted in better embryo development. Embryo obtained from dry fruits showed higher in vitro growth and, embryos from immature fruits needed sucrose amendment to the culture medium to accomplish germination. The use of activated carbon or coconut water did not influence embryo germination. However, in the presence of activated carbon, the culture medium improved embryo rooting.

ASSUNTO(S)

fitotecnia morfologia carbohydrate tissue culture carboidrato cultura de tecidos physilogical stage cultura de embriÃes physic nut. estÃdio fisiolÃgico morphology jatropha curcas. embryo culture

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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