Força optica em pinças opticas : estudo teorico e experimental / Optical force in optical tweezers : theory and experiment

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The optical tweezers is an instrument capable of manipulating and trapping dielectric particles through the radiation pressure. Their applications in the life sciences and biophysics increased exponentially after it has been demonstrated that it allowed to microorganisms to be maintained alive trapped for long times. Information obtained from these experiments requires a force transducer, for which the displacement of the captured micro sphere is used. We are therefore working in the limit of the geometrical optics and Rayleigh regime, which are usually used to simplify the optical force. Until today consensus fails to exist among the theories of forces for optical tweezers, of an arbitrary size regime, neither for systems of high symmetry as micro spheres, much less in more complicated geometries. One of the greatest difficulties encountered in this aspect is the absence of good experimental measurements of optical forces, independent of models. Therefore great part of this thesis was the development of a system capable of measuring optical forces using a double tweezers setup to obtain an entire curve of the force as a function of the three-dimensional displacement of the trapped particle, and not just the values of the force for fixed positions. The next grand contribution comes from the theoretical description of the optical force. The large difficulty in this aspect is the description of incident beams of great numerical aperture and its decomposition in partial waves. It is in this context that this thesis fits in. We believed to have given an extremely valuable contribution, solving in an analytical and exact way the problem of the decomposition of a convergent beam partial waves relative the any origin of the three dimensional coordinate system.

ASSUNTO(S)

microscopia laser trapping vetorial diffraction aprisionamento a laser optical tweezers eletromagnetismo difração vetorial microscopy pinças oticas electromagnetism

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