Flow mediated dilation of braquial artery in smokers pregnancy / Dilatação mediada por fluxo da artéria braquial em gestantes tabagistas

AUTOR(ES)

Luís Guilherme Carvalho Nicolau

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

There is innumerous health problems associated with smoking habits, among them an increased risk of endothelial dysfunction. Currently, the most used method for noninvasive evaluation of vascular function is flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery determined by ultrasonography. Objectives: To determine at what time the maximum dilatation occurs and whether there is a difference in the evaluation of endothelial function determined by ultrasonography when comparing four groups of women (pregnant smokers and pregnant no smokers, and non-pregnant smokers and non-pregnant no-smokers). Methods This cross sectional study included a total of 133 women. The women were divided into 4 groups non-smoking pregnant women (N=47), smoking pregnant women (N=33), non-smoking women (N=34), and smoking pregnant women (N=19). The diameter of the brachial artery was measured at five times (rest, after a stimulus (30, 60, 90 and 120 seconds). Results: Anthropometric data, age, parity, gestational age, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and body mass index did not differ significantly between groups. A significant difference was observed in the number of cigarettes smoked per week between pregnant women and non-pregnant women (p=0.04). The FMD was greater among non-smoking pregnant women compared to smoking pregnant women (11.50 ± 5.77 vs. 8.74 ± 4.83; p=0.03) and also among non-smoking non-pregnant women compared to smoking non-pregnant women (10.52 ± 4.76 vs. 7.21 ± 5.57; p=0.03). The difference was significant in both cases. Regarding the evaluation of dilation at the different time points, the maximum value was obtained for all groups at the 60 second time point after disinsufflation. A significant difference was observed at all times and between all groups. Conclusions: Maximum FMD was observed 60 seconds after the stimulus in all groups. The smoking habit seems to lead to endothelial dysfunction both in pregnant and non-pregnant women, as demonstrated by the lower FMD among smokers.

ASSUNTO(S)

ultra-sonography flow mediation dilation endothelium endotélio dilatação mediada por fluxo gestação smokers tabagismo ultrassonografia pregnancy

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