Fatores ambientais relacionados a problemas de saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes de comunidade urbana de baixa renda: um estudo longitudinal

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

Introduction: current scientific knowledge about the onset and development of child and adolescent mental health problems (CAMHP) requires a perspective based on the human development, therefore longitudinal studies are essential. However, studies based on this methodological approach are rare in Brazil, particularly in regions noticeable for adverse conditions. Objective: (1) to examine the association between risk and protective factors related to CAMHP in a period of five years; (1) to describe the longitudinal course of CAMHP. Method: an epidemiological prospective longitudinal study. Sample: 93 children and adolescents (aged 11-18 years) with mental health problems in 2002/2003 that were reassessed in 2007. Clinical outcome: CAMHP in 2007 according to the raw score of the total problems scale of the Child Behavior Checklist. Risk factors: (1) child/adolescent: age in 2002/2003 and trajectory of being victim of severe physical punishment; (2) mother: trajectory of being victim of physical marital violence, trajectory of maternal mental health problems and years of schooling in 2002/2003; (3) family: socioeconomic status. Protective factors: child/adolescent: social support and pro-social activities in 2007. Control variable: child/adolescent mental health problems in 2002/2003. Instruments: clinical outcome and control variable: Child Behavior Checklist; risk factors: WordSAFE Core Questionnaire (child/adolescent trajectory of being victim of severe physical punishment; maternal trajectory of being victim of physical marital violence); Self-Report Questionnaire (trajectory of maternal mental health problems); Questionnaire of family economical classification (family socioeconomic status); protective factors: Protective factors questionnaire (child/adolescent protective factor data). Statistical analyses: Pearsons correlation and Students t-test for bivariate analyses and multiple linear regression for multivariate analyses. Results: the mean score of CAMHP decreased throughout the study; the best associative model included the following factors: child/adolescent severe physical punishment trajectory, maternal mental health problems trajectory and CAMHP in 2002/2003. Discussion: results were compatible with national and international studies. Conclusions: results of this research combined with other epidemiological studies build up a theoretical framework to guide the implementation of mental health intervention, prevention and promotion programs based of scientific evidence.

ASSUNTO(S)

criança adolescente violência estudos longitudinais psicologia child adolescent violence longitudinal studies

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