Extração de oleo de Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) com dioxido de carbono supercritico. / Supercritical CO2 extraction of oil from seeds of Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.).

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The supercritical fluid extraction of oil from sacha inchi (plukenetia volubilis L.) seeds, using Co2 as a solvent, it is presented in this study. The objective was to investigate the main process parameters such as extraction pressure and temperature, mean particle size of (0,387, 0,595 and 0,842 mm) on the extraction yield. The extraction yield increased as the particle size decreased, indicating the importance of the effect of the intraparticle diffusion in larger particles (0,84 mm). The extraction was carried out at operating pressures of 30 and 40 MPa, operating temperatures of 40, 50 and 60°C, particle 0,84 mm and flow rate of CO2 1,5L/min. Maximum extraction yield was 92% obtained at 40 MPa, 60°C, 0.84 mm of particle sizes and 1.5 L of CO2/min. For the cold-pressed extraction, followed of supercritical extraction 40 MPa, 60ºC and 0,716 mm of geometric average diameter of the particle, the maximum extraction yield was 99%. The solubility of Sacha inchi seed oil in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) were measured in the temperatures from 40 to 60 °C and pressures between 10 and 40 MPa. Under working conditions, the values of solubility showed retrograde behavior. Solubility, increase with pressure and temperature above the crossover pressure, which found between 30 and 40 MPa, and decreased with temperature below the crossover pressure. Mathematical modeling (Chrastil) of the solubility. The oil content was 54,32% and 46.80% determined bu solvent extraction and cold-pressed, respectively. Physical and chemical characteristics of the oil were obtained. The results in terms of fatty acid compositions of oil obtained with SC-CO2 were compared with those obtained when hexano was used as the solvent, and no significant differences between the oils extracted by both methods were found. The main fatty acid was alpha-linolênico acid (Ômega-3) making up 50.5%, followed by linoleic acid (34,12%) and oleic acid (14%). The level of FFA and tocol composition (tocoferol and tocotrienol) contents of the oils obtained by SC-CO2, solvent and cold-pressed extraction was determined. Tocol content of the SC-CO2 - extracted oil varied from 222.85 to 306.82 mg/100g, which was higher than that of hexane-extraced oil (238.72 mg/100g) and cold-pressed oil (278.4 mg/100g). The level of FFA in the solvent-extraced oils (2.98%) (% as ác. Linolenic) was lower than cold-pressed extraced oil (3.75%) and SC-CO2)-extraced oils (3.97-4.26%). Sacha inchi seed oil may have potential in the growing specialty oil market.

ASSUNTO(S)

alpha-linolenic acid plukenetia volubilis acido alfa-linolenico supercritical extraction omega-3 plukenetia volubilis extração supercritica omega-3

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