Exigências de proteína e energia líquidas para o ganho de peso de tourinhos das raças Nelore e Brangus alimentados com dietas com diferentes proporções de concentrado. / Protein and energy requirements for weight gain of Nellore and Brangus bulls fed with different concentrate levels.
AUTOR(ES)
Soraia Marques Putrino
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2002
RESUMO
The determination of energy and protein requirements for maintenance and growth of beef cattle is very important for an efficient animal production. Nellore and crossed breeds like Brangus are very used in Brazil, but the main source of information about nutritional requirements is the NRC, whose data was obtained with different breeds and environments. The objective of this experiment was to determine the energy and protein requirements of Brangus and Nellore bulls through the comparative slaughter technique, with body and gain composition estimated from the 9-10-11ª rib cut of these breeds fed diets with different concentrate proportions. The fed intake and digestibility of these diets were also determined. Fifty-six young bulls were utilized, 28 of each breed, with 212 kg of shrunk body weight and 8 months of age. Four Brangus and four Nellore bulls were slaughtered in the beginning of the experiment to estimate the initial body composition. The other animals were fed diets with increasing levels of concentrate (20, 40, 60 and 80% of the dry matter). The animals were weighted at 28 days intervals and the daily feed intake individually controlled through Calan Gate equipment. After 145 days of feeding the animals were slaughtered. A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement (2X4) was utilized. Four animals of each breed were utilized in a digestibility trial with total feces collection. The experimental design was the Latin square. The shrunk body gain, empty body gain and hot carcass gain were different for breeds (P<0,01), and for concentrate levels (P<0,01). The Brangus animals were heavier than the Nellore. The Brangus and Nellore breeds showed the best performance with 40% and 60% concentrate diets, respectively. The digestibility of the crude protein and mineral matter was different for breeds (P<0,02), and the Brangus bulls were heavier than the Nellore. The total digestible nutrients also was different for breeds ((P<0,09) the Nellore bulls showed the greatest means), and for concentrate levels (P<0,01). The digestibility of crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber, digestible and metabolizable energy of the diets was different for concentrate levels (P<0,01). The 20% and 40% concentrate diets showed the best crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber digestibility, respectively. The 80% concentrate diet showed the best total digestible nutrients, digestible and metabolizable energy. Fat and energy values in the empty body weight gain were greatest (P<0,01) for Brangus bulls and water, protein and ashes were greatest (P<0,01) for Nellore bulls. Protein and energy requirements for growth were different (P<0,01) for breeds, with values of 0.160 and 0.188 kg of protein and 3.02 and 2.66 Mcal of energy per kg of empty body gain, respectively for Brangus and Nelore bulls. These results showed that Brangus had greater net energy requirement for gain than Nellore. Probably the effect of concentrate levels was not expressive because the animals were young and had not reached the phase of higher fat deposition of the growth curve.
ASSUNTO(S)
corporal composition bovinos brangus cattle animal nutrition nelore cattle composição corporal gado nelore gado brangus bovines nutrição animal
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