Evaluation of the antifungal activity of propolis of Apis mellifera against Candida species / Avaliação do potencial antifúngico de própolis de Apis mellifera contra leveduras do gênero Candida

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

30/07/2010

RESUMO

Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection that has been reported as a public health problem and due to increased rate of resistant strains of Candida spp. has increased the interest in natural products as sources for new bioactive compounds. Brazilian propolis have important biological properties such as antimicrobial and anticariogenic activity, thus antifungal activity could also be evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-Candida activity of three Brazilian propolis against planktonic and biofilm forms of Candida spp. of higher incidences in oral cavity diseases.Three types of propolis were selected for antimicrobial properties in previous studies, which are classified in the literature as type 3 (within the state of Parana state), type 6 (Atlantic Rainforest of Bahia state) and type 13 (mangrove region, Maceió city, Alagoas state). For each type of propolis were obtained the ethanolic extract (EEP) and respective fractions with different gradient polarity (hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The following methodologies were applied on EEP and correspondent fractions to evaluate antifungal activity against Candida spp. by a bioguided study: 1 - Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentrations (MFC) of EEP types 3, 6 and 13 and hexane (hex-fr), dichloromethane (dichlo-fr) and ethyl acetate (ethyl-fr) against planktonic forms of yeasts from an international bank Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS): Candida albicans (CBS 562), Candida dubliniensis (CBS 7987), Candida glabrata (CBS 07), Candida krusei (CBS 573), Candida parapsilosis (CBS 604), Candida tropicalis (CBS 94) using the microdilution method. 2 - Determination of MIC of propolis 3 and 13 (EEP and dichloromethane fractions) on preformed biofilm. 3 - Verification of possible changes or damages of the yeast cell structure when subjected to 3 and 13 propolis (EEP and dichloromethane fractions) by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in preformed and mature biofilms. In most cases, propolis types 3 and 13 demonstrated strong anti-Candida activity against the yeasts tested (minimum and maximum MIC values 4.0 and 31.3 µg/mL for EEP type 3 and 1.0 and 7.8 µg/mL for EEP type 13 compared to the low effect of propolis type 6. EEP type 13 and respective dichlo-fr had the best fungicidal effect against all strains (minimum and maximum MFC values 125 and 500 µg/mL). EEP type 3 and 13 and their dichlo-fr presented anti-biofilm activity 250 µg/mL for EEP type 3 (C. parapsilosis), 250 µg/mL for dichlo-fr type 3 (C. parapsilosis) and (maximum MIC 125 µg/mL for EEP type 13 (C. tropicalis), 31.3 µg/mL for dichlo-fr type 13 (C. parapsilosis). SEM images show the influence of propolis samples on preformed biofilms, however these samples were not capable of completely disrupting the mature biofilms, if compared to control (Nistatin). Thus, we concluded that the three types of propolis studied presented anti-Candida activity both in organization and in planktonic biofilm, however, the dichloromethane fraction of propolis type 13 is the active fraction, which contains important compounds effective against Candida spp. and could be a source of new bioactive principles for prevention or alternative treatment of oral candidiasis, which should be the object of future studies

ASSUNTO(S)

oral candidiasis

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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