Estudos de neuroimagem quantitativa em individuos com anomalias craniofaciais

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

31 individuals were studied with different cranium-facial anomalies using a previously defined protocol, composed by clinical and cytogenetics evaluation, morphological evaluation (magnetic resonance image [MRI] with multiplanar reformatting [MPR]) and of functional investigation (Electroencephalogram [EEG] and/or single-photon emission computed tomographic imaging [SPECT]). Seventeen presented Midline facial defects with ocular hypertelorism (MFDH), 10 with Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome (SCS) and 4 with Blefarocheilodontic Syndrome (BCD). In MFDH individuals, it was observed in neurological evaluation, abnormalities in cranial shape (17/17), motor coordination (10/17) and equilibrium (6/17). MRI showed central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities in all cases, which included commissural alterations (16/17), malformations of cortical development (10/17), disturbances of neural tube closure (7/17) and posterior fossa abnormalities (6/17). EEGs showed epileptiform abnormalities in 6/17 and background abnormalities in 5/17 patients. The SPECT evidenced cerebellar (8/11) and pons (8/11) hipoperfusion, what would explain the alterations observed in the neurological evaluation. In SCS cases, neurological evaluation showed brachycephaly (10/10), hypotonia (6/10) frontal hypomimia (3/10) and motor incoordination (2/10). Neuroradiologic exams (MRI with MPR) showed skull alterations (10/10), comissural anomalies (6/10), disturbances of neural tube closure (4/10), malformations of cortical development (4/10), alterations of posterior fossa (3/10). In BCD, passive hypotonia was detected in all cases, at neurological evaluation. MRI showed thin posterior hippocampal portion in one case and vascular and gyri malformatios in frontal lobe in another case. The SPECT was performed in two, being observed a discreet hipoperfusion of frontal lobes, cinguli gyrus, and mesial portion of right temporal lobe and cerebral hemispheres. CNS and face are intrinsicly linked by a common embryological time. Thus these studies reinforce the midline development fíeld theory, providing base for future investigations in craniofacial anomalies

ASSUNTO(S)

craniossinostose acrocefalossindactilia hipertelorismo ressonancia magnetica sistema nervoso central

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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