Estudos de Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner visando ao controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith). / Bacillus thuringiensis berliner research applied for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith).

AUTOR(ES)

Ricardo Antônio Polanczyk

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

From 24 soil samples about 461 bacterial colonies have been isolated, and 190 were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The relation between soil chemical characteristics and the presence of this pathogen may be expressed by the equation iBt = -0,4 + 0,6Ca + 0,07Cu + 0,009Fe - 0,53Mg -0,12Mn + 1,26Zn. Among 83 Bt isolates assayed against Spodoptera frugiperda, the ESALQ 3.7 was the most effective to control this pest, causing 86.6% of mortality to São Paulo larvae, with an estimated LC 50 of 0.749 x 108 spores/mL. This isolate has the toxins Cry1Ac, Cry1C e Cry1E that justify its efficiency against S. frugiperda. The Cry1 toxins were found in 72% of isolates assayed for this pest. There have been observed differences in the susceptibility among three fall armyworm populations (São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Rio Grande do Sul) to 49.4% of the assayed isolates, and some of them affected the biological parameters of the São Paulo larvae. The Dipel persistence was higher than the others Bt based products, until 27 hours after application (65.772 spores/mL), but its half life (p = 17.54 hours) was lower than Ecothech and Bac-Control. The study of ESALQ 3.7 persistence was prejudiced by biotic and abiotic factors in field condition and at the greenhouse conditions, that consequently constrained the data validation. About the isolate ESALQ 3.7 efficiency in the field, there was no statistical differences in the damage caused by fall armyworm in the control and treatment. In the interaction studies with other entomopathogens, it was observed a positive interaction between Bt and Heterorhabditis sp. This interaction varied from na additive effect to a subadditive sinergism, according to nematode concentration. Between Bt and entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana e Nomuraea rileyi it was observed a negative interaction (antagonism). Also, the interaction between a poliedrosis nuclear vírus and Bt varied according to the virus concentration.

ASSUNTO(S)

fall armyworm biological control controle biológico (fitossanidade) integrated management bactéria entomopatogênica lagarta-do-cartucho pests manejo integrado entomopathogenic bacterium insetos nocivos

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